Analysis Of Discourse Coherence Of For Whom The Bell Tolls Based On Specificity

From the 1960s, the researches on discourse as well as the theories and books have been developing rapidly. After carefully studying the present theories of discourse coherence, we can easily find out that nearly all the studies of discourse coherence depend on the traditional systematic and functional grammar and their researches begin with the external side. But they nearly neglect the internal coherence of discourse. Thus the theory of coherence is often used to instruct the teaching of reading,writing and listening. At the same time, the theory of coherence is seldom used to analyze the discourse coherence. The problem of current situation lies in that for a discourse without obvious external coherence, the current research can not analyze the coherence of it successfully and easily. But the discourse without obvious coherence can also be coherent.Cognitive linguistics sprang up in the 1980s. It lies in the advancing front of linguistics research and most of its theories are used to the other fields. Specificity is one of the theories of cognitive linguistics. It refers to describe the same situation from different levels of specificity which is the internal meaning of the situation.After reading lots of books and theories, I find out that the internal analysis has some obvious advantages for the context with famous writing style or the context without external coherence. The discourse without external coherence may also be coherence. In the thesis, by the basic words of discourse and internal meaning, the author emphasizes changes of the psychology and the word. The method is more suitable for the cognitive rule of human beings.There are seven parts in the thesis.Introduction mainly introduces the definition, standard and meaning of coherence, the purpose and function of the paper as well as the methodology of the research.Chapter One contains the current situation of discourse coherence both at home and abroad. Then the writer gives a review of the application of discourse coherence in several fields, such as reading, writing and translation.Chapter Two discusses the specificity and its application in coherence. Firstly, it introduces the current situation of specificity both at home and abroad. Secondly, it makes a general outline of the novel For Whom the Bell Tolls.In Chapter Three, the writer analyzes the specific usage of specificity in the novel from three sides. The first one is the relationship between hyponymy and specificity. The second one is the relationship between antonymy and specificity.The third one is the relationship between synonymy and specificity. Chapter Four is context of specificity. In this chapter, there are two main aspects which are called linguistic context and extra-linguistic context. There are also case studies of the sub-parts of contexts.Chapter Five is syntax of specificity. The coherence can be achieved by ellipsis, repetition and inversion. The case study is also the necessary part of the chapter.At the end, the writer gives the conclusion, which proves the usage and the truth of the research. Besides, the writer also figures out the future research of the specificity and discourse coherence.