The Poem And Fulk Custom Of Li Jian

Li Jian is famous for poem, calligraphy and painting, and especially for poem. This thesis is mainly on Li Jian's poem, summarizing Li Jian's life experience and thinking, and analyzing folk custom and poetic art in his poetry. This thesis includes introduction, content and conclusion.Firstly, it defines Li Jian's poetry in the introduction chapter, and points out Collection of WuBaiSiFengTang which was corrected by Liang Shouzhong is the most complete collection version. Based on this book, this thesis is mainly on folk custom. Then it introduces the current researches of Li Jian'poem, and summarizes the advantages and `shortcomings, and gives the reason why chooses this topic, and what are the targets and signification of this research.The content part is the heart of this thesis, and consists three chapters.Chapter one introduces Li Jian's life and thinking. Li Jian was not involved in officialdom in his whole life. He lived in countryside. When he was 27 he came back to his hometown Shunde with his mother Lei's request, and then took part in the national examination. After that he never went out of Guangdong. Li Jian disregarded national examination, and surpassed the tempting of material, and enjoyed country life as his willing, and this was his nature. Anchoretic idea gave him a lot of freedom, and he traveled South of Ling, visited mountains scenery, feel natural conditions and social customs, and so poet could have a chance to release then wrote into his poem collection and painted of nature landscape and folk custom as well. Li Jian was a anchoret in a stable society, and he was anchoretic of person but society, and he cared society reality with strong country life idea, caused him pay more attention on nature scene, custom and folk, common life, etc. All Li Jian's life limited in South Ling, and all his life without official position closed to common life, his sensitivity and deeply life experience enriched his poem with real feeling and so realism.Chapter two analyzes folk custom in Li Jian's poem. Li Jian's poems include colorful folk customs, for examples, agriculture, fish culture, song festival, village food, game of Longzhou ship, evocation, flower, etc. almost all the folk custom types. This thesis bases on the theory of folk customs, dividing folk custom into three types in Li Jian's poems. One type reflects colorful materials life, such as living, food, production, communication and bargain, etc. All these material folk customs really reveal common life of South Ling, reflect developed business, blooming economy and the development of capitalism, and so present deep regional feature of Li Jian's poem. Another type of folk customs is about society, such as festival, ceremony, legend, ballad and proverb, all these society folk customs follow traditional folk custom, but express people's hope and requirement, and its expression is more colorful, and its expression formats contain large scale, people's entertainment, and life secularism. Last folk customs reflect mystery of spirit folk custom, such as belief, wizardry and forbidding, lifelikeness reveals temple sacrifice, home sacrifice, Neptunian sacrifice, rain pray, augury and evocation which could be seen, and all these spirit folk customs were the real requirement of South Ling people with regional feature. From the final analysis, folk custom in Li Jian's poem mainly centralize on material folk customs, society folk custom and spirit folk custom, and food folk custom, production folk custom, festival folk custom, belief folk custom and wizardry folk custom were more emphasized. One side is the prevalence and importance of these folk customs in the village, another side reveals poet loved his hometown folk custom. Food folk custom and production folk custom were the basic of people's life, and festival folk custom satisfied people's emotion, and belied folk custom and wizardry folk custom were the entity of people's require. Li Jian's viewpoints was narrow, but his folk custom poems mainly and widely reflect society regulation, culture in his age of Guangdong, depicting a society folk custom, highlighting the poem of Qing dynasty. The study of these poems has an important value in research on that time society status, psychology and Qing literature.Chapter three depicts the multidimensional poetic artistic world. Under folk viewpoint and regional viewpoint, Li Jian's poems which on folk customs are not random describing or simple listing, but well organized. All these poems reveal a multidimensional world, greatly enriching poems contents and style. From the point of theme, Li Jian's poems centralize on beauty of nature and custom. He mainly depicted scene of Guangzhou and country scene of Shunde. Li Jian lived in countryside, always came and went between Guangzhou, and his folk poems vividly depict Guangzhou city scenery and Shunde countryside scenery, showing poet's loving of life, hometown and people, and all these would give a nice impression to readers. The folk customs were mainly on Guangxi and Guangdong's. Li Jian's poems reveal a relative strange life of Guangdong and Guangxi, based on those folk customs, we can know the real life of Guangxi and Guangdong at that time, especially Yao minority, so deep perception of South Ling'culture by Li Jian'poems, furthermore showing Li Jian's art on special folk custom poems. From art angle, Li Jian's poetic art style had a new change. It has feature of folk song, and is mainly on simulating'Zhuzhi', creating poem with folk song style. Using folk language, he writes poems with improving art style. Those beautiful and emotional poems in vivid, elegance and reasonable language are good writing of emotion and scenery. So this proves South Ling literature and affects the creation of South Ling's poet. Although Li Jian seldom went far, he depicted colorful South Ling folk customs in poem, reveal original people's status of middle Qing dynasty. At the same time, he consciously put folk customs into South Ling history and reality environment, he absorbed former art style and folk literature to create a highlight art style, revealing special nature and folk custom and reflecting South Ling's regional culture and history.Conclusion is the summarization this thesis, it highlights the contents and gives a future direction of this research..