School Education Of Japanese Nationals In Qingdao (1914-1945)

Focusing on the school education of Japanese nationals'children living in Qingdao, the paper aims to reproduce a comparatively complete history of Japan's school education in Qingdao. Through analyzing Japan's strengthening power in Qingdao, the Japanese nationals'activities and the education system in Japan, this paper probes into such issues as the education background and schooling scale of Japanese nationals'children when Qingdao was occupied by Japan (1914-1945), the historical origin and strategic purposes of overseas education, and the influences of education activities in an objective way.Japan occupied Qingdao twice (1914-1922, 1938-1945). The Japanese authority established some elementary and middle schools of a certain scale for the Japanese living in Qingdao. Their education activities can not be separated with Japan's development strategies. In the end of 1914, when Japan replaced Germany to occupy Qingdao, they established a military and administrative government—the garrisons headquarter, under which a department of teaching affairs was built, managing the Japanese schools in Qingdao and the schools established for the Chinese. After China's resumption of sovereignty over Qingdao in 1922, the management of these schools was transferred from the garrisons headquarter to the Japanese residents'association in Qingdao, who faithfully carried out the strategic purposes and education policies of Japan. During this time, under Japan's education system and strong support, school education of Japanese nationals in Qingdao had witnessed a fast development, with the scales, schooling conditions, and curriculum arrangement embodying the features of modern education and Japan's militarism education. In 1938, when Japan occupied Qingdao once again, with Japanese nationals pouring into Qingdao and children of school age increasing, schools for Japanese nationals further developed. With a war-time education system, the basic function of teaching almost disappeared. The schools became service bases for the Japanese authority in Qingdao, the school buildings turned into army stations, military goods storehouse and logistical labor field, and the students became reserve forces for the invasive war.Based on archives and other historical materials , to study the Japanese expatriate's school in Qingdao,and combined the Comparation with Shanghai,Dalian, While the recovery of history, reveal the characteristics of the Japanese overseas education, and the status of the Education in the history of Japan's national .