Correlation Studies Of Plasma Fatty Acids And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Case Control Study

Epidemiological survey from 2007to 2008 showed that morbidity rate of diabetes of adults over the age of 20 is 9.7% and of which type 2 of diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounted for 90.0%. The increasing incidence of T2DM year by year is closely related to dietary factors. Because of the complexity of Chinese diet and the arbitrary during cooking process, it's difficult to study the interaction between daily nutritional intake and T2DM through analysis of dietary components. We choose plasma fatty acid as a biological marker of dietary fat intake. The plasma fatty acids of T2DM group and control group were determined and then used for the analysis of interaction relationship. We collected 214 volunteers including 104 T2DM patients and 110 healthy people.Results:Overall, age, blood pressure, A1C,FPG,LDL-C,HCY, VB12 and FOL were significantly higher in T2DM subjects than in control subjects. Height, weight, ALB and TC were lower in T2DM subjects than in control subjects. Though there is some difference between male and female, they showed a similar trend. In plasma phospholipid fatty acids:Percentage of Total PUFA were significantly higher in T2DM subjects than in control subjects, while male T2DM subjects had a significant lower SFA and no difference in female. But female T2DM subjects had higher C20:3n-6 and C20:4n-6. Pearson correlation analysis showed Total SFA was with TC and TG, while PUFA was negatively correlated with TC. Except the positive relationship between C18:0 and TG existed in T2DM group and control group meanwhile, C14:0,C14:1,C16:1,C18:0,C18:1n-7,C20:1,C20:2n-6,C20:3n-6,C22:2n-6,C22:4n-6,Total SFA all had different correlations in two groups. MUFA was positively correlated with HCY while total PUFA was negative with it. HCY was only negative corrected with DHA and C22:1 in control group. But there were many fatty acids which have significant correlation with it in T2DM group. In plasma triglyceride fatty acids:male subjects in T2DM group had significant higher PUFA and n-6 PUFA. Though there was no significance in female subjects, there was still some increase of PUFA and n-6 PUFA. In plasma total fatty acids:except for female's higher SFA and lower n-6 PUFA than the control group, there was no other significant difference. Also there was no significance in logistic regression analysis.Conclusions:there is a significant difference of plasma fatty acids component between T2DM patients and healthy people Plasma phospholipid, triglyceride and total fatty acid composition were not identical. Plasma phospholipid had more strong relationship with various indexes than the other two. T2DM patients had higher sensitivity and were more easily affected by different fatty acid intake than healthy people. The unsaturated fatty acid can reduce blood HCY content in T2DM patients but no use for healthy ones.