| Objective To analyze the asthma prevalence and related factors among children aged 0-14 years in Soochow by epidemiological survey. To learn food allergy induced symptoms in asthmatic children, and explore different value between fresh food prick to prick test and blood sIgE detection in children allergic to eggs and milk.Methods Part One, elect 12000 children aged 0-14 years from pingjiang area of Soochow city; then have the epidemiological investigation; in the end obtain the prevalence of asthma by the questionnaire surveys combined with physical examination, and analyze the prevalence of allergic rhinitis and eczema. Part Two, select 489 children suffered from asthma; then find out the kinds and characteristic of food causing allergic reaction through detail questionnaire surveys. Part Three, we focus on the children had cough or wheezing accepted treatment in respiratory department of children's hospital of Soochow University from May, 2010 to March, 2011. Then collected these babies who show allergic symptoms after eating egg or cow's milk as experimental group, and choose 30 children as control group. Following carrying out fresh food prick to prick test and blood sIgE test as different test methods, at last analyse the sensitivity and specificity of different test methods.Results1. Delivere 12000 preliminary questionnaires and withdraw 11505. The coefficient of recovery is 95.88%. There are 555 wheezing cases, asthma children is 485 cases, cough variant asthma is 4 cases and 66 cases were considerd suspected asthma. The accumulative total prevalence of asthma is 4.25%. The rate in male and female respectively is 5.18% and 3.12%. There are 1111 children suffered from allergic rhinitis, the rate in male and female is respectively 11.39% and 7.55%. And 931 children suffered from eczema, the rate in male and female is 8.79% and 6.89%. In asthmatic children, 77.2% of them had their first attack before the age of 3 years and 98.02% wheezing children take antibiotics frequently.2. Among 489 asthmatic children, there are 79 children appeared symptoms of food allergy. The most common food caused allergy symptoms is fish or shrimp(59.49%).3. In experimental group, as to the positive rate of fresh egg white skin prick test and blood sIgE test, the former is statistically higher than the latter (p<0.05); There is no statistical significant difference in the postive rate of fresh egg yolk skin prick and blood sIgE test (p>0.05); also there is no statistical significant difference in the postive rate of fresh milk skin prick and blood sIgE test (p>0.05). In control group, there is no statistical significant difference in the negative rate of each skin prick and corresponding blood sIgE test (p>0.05).Conclusion1. The accumulative total prevalence of childhood asthma among 0 to 14 years old in Soochow area in the year of 2010 is 4.25%. The rate of allergic rhinitis and eczema is respectively 9.66% and 7.93%, the rates in male are all higher than female.2. In asthmatic children, 77.2% of them had their first attack before the age of 3 years and spring and autumn is the peak time in a year. Respiratory tract infections is the most common inducement. Besides, unstandardized treatment and antibiotics abuse is very serious.3. The most common food caused allergy symptoms is fish or shrimp in Soochow aera, 59.49%. Mango is the most common fruit caused allergy symptoms, accounted for 20.25%.4. The sensitivity of fresh egg white skin prick test is higher than sIgE test, so we can use it as an preliminary screening of egg allergy, provide value to add the food supplement. |
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