Research Association Between Human Papillomavirus Infection And Breast Cancer Tissues By FQ-PCR And Electron Microscope

Breast cancer is one of the most common human malignancies, every year, about 130 million people around the world diagnosed with breast cancer, and about 40 million people died from this kind of the disease. According to the world health organization announced statistics (GLOBOCAN2000:Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence Worldwide, Version 1.0),In 2000,the new cases of female breast were more than 100 million all over of world, standardized incidence rate for 35.66/10 million, standardized mortality for 12.51/10 million. Judging from the world, breast cancer has become global women's starting malignant tumors. In recent 20 years, the incidence of breast cancer is increasing year by year, Breast cancer in women have already became malignant tumor and the serious harm the incidence of the health of the women. Breast cancer have many of causes, including infertility, birth fewer preterm labor, first child age of menarche age early, late, benign mammary gland disease history, family history of breast cancer, radiation exposure factors associated with breast cancer have been identified. But the molecular mechanism of breast cancer is not entirely clearly. Therefore the study of reason for humans to conquer this difficult period of breast cancer has important significance.High risk human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) such as HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 39 have been proved to be the major cause of cervical cancer. It has been also considered that HPV may cause squamous cell carcinoma of the other sites such as anus, vulva and esophagus. In 1990, Band et al. reported that HPV DNA could immortalize normal human mammary epithelial cells, and reduce their requirement on growth factors. Since 1992, a growing number of studies had detected high-risk HPVs in breast carcinoma tissues by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). On the other hand, there is no evidence suggesting that HPV may infect human mammary tissues in vivo, and HPV infections in breast glands among HIV/AIDS patients has not been reported so far.Furthermore, a number of studies have detected HPV DNA in breast carcinoma tissues. This raises the question that whether HPV plays a carcinogenic role in breast carcinomas. On the other hand, human Papillomaviruses do not seem to be able infect normal mammary cells in vitro, nor have HPV infections in human breast glands been observed among patients with AIDS. At present, there is no explanation for these''conflicting observations''. In this paper, we propose the hypothesis that mammary epithelial cells that partly lose control in proliferation are more susceptible for persistent HPV infection. The potential role of HPV infection in the carcinogenic steps of breast cancer should be further tested. One possible cost effective way for further investigation is to conduct a case-control study comparing the prevalence of previous HPV exposure to the breast, such as history of cervical HPV infections and HPV infections in nipples between cases and controls.Thus, our task group combined with my families advantages of clinical materials, collect Department of Vascular and endocrine Surgery, XiJing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 2009.3--2010.3 breast tissue samples 80 cases, and 80 cases of mammary benign lesions specimens, the age of 80 cases of breast cancer patients for 35-75's women, median age 55.4 years old. Including 44 cases of infiltrating ducal carcinoma, 20 cases of infiltrating lobular carcinoma, 9 cases lobular carcinoma in situ, 3 cases pure carcinoma, 2 cases of hard carcinoma, 1 case with medullar carcinomas, 1 case adenocarcinoma. In 80 cases of mammary benign lesions patients, the age is ranged 25 from 67 years old, the median age for women aged is 43.6. We referred to the domestic and international numerous documents, adopted international apply more extensive on the real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction PCR (FQ - PCR) method, and at the same time using transmission electron microscope method as validation experiment. Specific conditions as followed:1. According to the domestic and international numerous consult literature, eventually selected the current detection rate higher HPV 16 and 18 subtypes as target subtypes HPV, collect Department of Vascular and endocrine Surgery, XiJing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 2009.3--2010.3 breast tissue samples 80 cases, and 80 cases of mammary benign lesions specimens, the age of 80 cases of breast cancer patients for 35-75's women, median age 55.4 years old. Including 44 cases of infiltrating ducal carcinoma, 20 cases of infiltrating lobular carcinoma, 9 cases lobular carcinoma in situ, 3 cases pure carcinoma, 2 cases of hard carcinoma, 1 case with medullar carcinomas, 1 case adenocarcinoma. In 80 cases of mammary benign lesions patients, the age is ranged 25 from 67 years old, the median age for women aged is 43.6. Including 57 patients of breast fiber adenoma, milk tube papilloma are 23 cases. Application real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction PCR (FQ - PCR) as a detection method, and selected the HPV 16 and 18 full-length plasmid HPV as the positive control, meanwhile, selected distilled water as the negative control.2. The collection of breast tissue, take in accordance with tumor tissue, made the required standards, send our specimen based department electron center straight observation, radiography.Our task group applicated the Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction PCR above application (FQ - PCR) testing, and using transmission electron experiments as verification and testing breast cancer organizations and mammary gland benign lesions organization, whether it contains HPV 16 and HPV. 18. The result of the test is: in two trials, the failed in breast cancer and (or) breast benign lesions organization detect HPV 16, HPV. 18.