| [Background]Injury has been an important public health problem which it seriously harms the human health worldwide. Due to its higher incidence, enormous burden with emergency cure, rehabilitation, premature death and disability, economy loss and social burden of injury excess any kind of communicable or chronic non-communicable diseases. The results of global burden of disease have indicated that the diseases'mode in developing countries is changing, that is from major in communicable diseases to non-communicable diseases and injury. Injury in the world takes the fourth or fifth leading death cause. With the development of Chinese social and economic development, urbanization, and accelerating industrialization process, the threat of injury to the population will be a consistent upward trend. It is estimated that there are annually at least two hundred million person-time injuries, in which about 60 million people need emergency medical treatment,14 million people require hospitalization, more than 1 million people have disabilities. Injury is also the first death cause of people aged 1-34 years old. In 2005, Ministry of Health required that national injury surveillance should be carried out and simultaneously printed "Scheme of National Injury Surveillance", which showed that injury was formally incorporated into the national diseases control works. However, this surveillance was limited in hospital outpatients, not including hospitalization injury. Although there are some researches about hospitalization injury in China, there is no complete and continuous network of injury surveillance. In 2008, several counties in Shandong province began to carry out surveillance works of hospitalization injury. Huangdao District became one of these surveillance sites and has set up surveillance network of hospitalization injury covering all districts. Data in this study came from this surveillance were analyzed to understand the epidemiological characteristics and disease burden, in order to provide measurements for prevention and control of hospitalization injury.[Objective]1. Analyzing the epidemiological characteristics and hospitalization injury burden in Huangdao district, Tsingtao City in 2009.2. Providing scientific basis for effective intervention measurements and health policy, and ultimately reducing the injury occurrence and burden of hospitalization injury.[Methods]1. Questionnaires by Centers of Disease Control and Prevention of Shandong Province were used to register and collect data of hospitalization injury. Descriptive analysis of injury surveillance data in 2009 was used to understand epidemiological characteristics of hospitalization injury in Huangdao District.2. Data of injury inpatients in all 6 Huangdao monitoring hospitals (two or more public sector) in 2009 were collected and SPSS 16.0 database was founded.3. Demographics data of Huangdao came from 2009 Bureau of Population of Huangdao District.[Results]In 1844 injury inpatients, the ratio of male to female was 3.98:1. Injury inpatients were mainly in young age, while inpatients aged 20-44 years old took the percent of 46.42%. The inpatients with local city/county residence accounted for 57.01%. The incidence rates of hospitalization injury in the local residents were slightly higher than that in the mobile population.Injury inpatients mainly occurred from March to October,2009, which took 89.05% of the total injury events. Injury events had the peak times with 7:00am to 11:00am (50.27%) and the second peak time with 1:00pm to 8:00pm (38.34%).Hospitalization injury occurred mainly in road/street (46.58%), industrial and construction sites (28.69%) except in home with injury inpatients aged 0-4 years old. Major causes of hospitalization injury were mainly blunt (33.89%), motor vehicle accident (28.58%), fall/drop (23.81%). The high risk population of injury was labors with payment (49.24%).There was difference in hospitalization injury causes between the male and the female. Major causes of the male hospitalization injury were blunt, motor vehicle accident, fall/drop, and knife/sharp instrument while that of the female were motor vehicle accident, fall/drop, knife/sharp instrument, and burn/scald.In injury causes with different age groups, fall/drop was major cause in inpatients aged 5-14 years old, blunt, fall/drop, motor vehicle accident, knife/sharp instrument were major cause in inpatients aged 15-64 years old, while fall/drop, motor vehicle accident were major cause in inpatients aged 65 years old or more. In intent types of injury, unintentional injury events were dominant (81.56%). Higher education level, summer or autumn, in the night were risk factors for intentional injury.There were significant differences between injury patients with local residents and mobile population in age, education level, occupation, injury location, work status. Local residents were more vulnerable to motor vehicle accident and burns injury, while mobile populations were more vulnerable to blunt injury. Injury occurred in mobile population had higher percentage of industrial construction field than that of local residents, but injury occurred in home had lower percentage than that of local residents. Injury in local residents had higher percentage of physical activities, leisure activities, home/learning activities that those of mobile population.Damages by injury were major on head or face (48.10%), upper limb (21.15%), lower limbs (18.71%). Fracture (33.73%) was the major injury type. The outcome of hospitalization injury was going home after treatment (1700,92.19%).The average cost in the hospital of hospitalization injury was 5299.84 RMB with average day cost being 353.79 RMB. Average cost in the hospital due to motor vehicle accidents was 8027.48 RMB with average day cost being 406.31 RMB.[Conclusion]Young male adults and people with low education level were major intervention population of hospitalization injury. Strengthening safety education and injury intervention should be focused on this population. Injury occurred mainly in the rush hour traffic time and labors with payments in working industrial construction sites. Enhancing the awareness of road safety education and safety prevention measurements in industrial construction sites are urgent in reducing hospitalization injuries. For different types of hospitalization injury prevention, different measurements should be based on different gender, age, residence, time, place, occupation. Compared with other types of hospital costs, hospitalization cost for injury caused by motor vehicle accident was highest. Hospitalization cost by injury in Huangdao is severe and effective measures for prevention should be carried out. |
PDF Full Text Request