| Mucin is a kind of mucosal tissue generated widespreadly in the normal mucosa surface glycoprotein, whose molecular weight is above 40 million. Mucin mainly exi-sts in the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, and breast, many kinds of epithelial tissue and so on. Under normal circumstances, mucin of the epith-elial cells plays a role in the protection, lubrication and differentiation of the epithelial cells. Recently, it is found that mucin, one kind of molecules with a variety of func-tions, still participates in adjusting the intercellular adhesion, the signaling of tumor invasion and metastasis and so on.MUC4 and MUC13 are two new members of the mucin family first isolated in 1991 and 2001, and their structures belong to the transmembrane type of mucin. MUC4 and MUC13 can be expressed in many normal tissues, and studies have shown they can be highly expressed in some epithelial neoplasms such as trachea, intestine, and stomach. However, it has not been seen reported that they can be expressed in esophageal carcinoma.Objective: This experiment aims to discuss the expression of MUC4 and MUC13 in esophageal carcinoma, and their role in the occurrence and development processes of esophageal cancer, and find a new method for esophageal cancer gene diagnosis. At the same time, we want to discuss the relationship between MUC4, MUC13 gene expression and the histological grade and the lymph node metastasis, which may provide a new evidence for the treatment of esophageal cancer.Methods:1. Immunohistochemistry SP method was used to detect the expression of MUC4 and MUC13 protein in 48 cases of normal esophageal mucosal tissue,20 cases of atypical hyperplasia tissues adjacent to cancer and 48 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues.2. RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of MUC4 mRNA and MUC 13 mRNA in 48 cases of normal esophageal mucosal tissue,20 cases of atypical hyperplasia tissues adjacent to cancer and 48 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues.3. Statistical analysis:the SPSS 17.0 statistical package program was used for all analysis. The count information calculated the positive rate; enumeration data was expressed by standard deviation[χ±s].The comparison of positive rates used the Chi-square. The mean of two groups uses the t-test. The ANVOA was used for the mean of more groups. The level of significant difference is a=0.05Results:1. Immunohistochemical results1.1 The expression of MUC4 protein:the expression rates of MUC4 protein in normal esophageal mucosal tissue, atypical hyperplasia tissues adjacent to cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues were respectively 0%,55.0%, 81.2%. There is a significant difference (P<0.05). It indicates that the expression rate of MUC4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues is significantly hig-her than the one in the normal esophageal mucosal tissue, and MUC4 had a highly specific expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues. The positive rates of MUC4 protein expression in the different differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were 70.3%,95.2% and there was a significant difference (P< 0.05).The positive rates of MUC4 protein expression in the group with or without lymph node metastases were 95.0%,71.3% and there is a significant difference (P<0.05).1.2 The expression of MUC13 protein:the expression rates of MUC13 protein in normal esophageal mucosal tissue, atypical hyperplasia tissues adjacent to cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues were respectively16.7%, 65.0%,89.6%. There was a significant difference (P< 0.05).The positive rates of MUC13 protein expression in the different differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were 85.1%,95.2% and there is not a significant difference (P>0.05), indicating that the MUC13 protein expression had no relationship with clinical classification.The positive rates of MUC13 protein expression in the group with or without lymph node metastases were 90.0%,89.2% and there is not a significant difference (P>0.05), indicating that the MUC 13 protein expression had no relationship with lymph node metastases.2. RT-PCR mRNA measurement results2.1 The relative contents of MUC4 mRNA expression in esophagus tissue: The relative contents of MUC4 mRNA in normal esophageal mucosal tissue, atypical hyperplasia tissues adjacent to cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues were respectively 0,0.364±0.113,0.706±0.111 and there was a significant difference (P<0.05).The relative contents of MUC4 mRNA expression in the different differentia-ted squamous cell carcinoma were 0.636±0.089,0.797±0.058 and there was a significant difference (P<0.05).The relative contents of MUC4 mRNA expression in the group with or without lymph node metastases were 0.801±0.055,0.639±0.091 and there was a significant difference between them (P<0.05). 2.2 The relative contents of MUC 13 mRN A expression in esophagus tissue: The relative contents of MUC 13 mRN A in normal esophageal mucosal tissue, atypical hyperplasia tissues adjacent to cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues were respectively 0.292±0.019,0.522±0.028,0.771±0.043 and there was a significant difference (P<0.05).There were not significant differences between the MUC13 mRNA expressions in the different differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (P<0.05) and between the MUC 13 mRNA expressions in the group with or without lymph node metastases (P>0.05)Conclusion:1.The MUC4 and MUC 13 genes in esophageal carcinoma with specific highly expression,and the expression in normal esophageal mucosal tissue, atypical organization and the esophageal cancer in turnly increase. It is indicated that MUC4 and MUC 13 may have participated in the occurrence of esophageal cancer development process.2. the expression of MUC4 and MUC 13 genes in esophageal carcinoma has positively correlated, It is indicated that MUC4 and MUC 13 in the process of esophageal cancer may have synergistic action. |
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