Study On The Extraction Process Of Active Ingredient From Macleaya Cordata And Bidens Bipinnata L

Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history in China. Because of complex composition, it requires appropriate extraction method to extract the active ingredients from raw material. The extraction is the key operation step in the production of Chinese material medical or the natural products. This article reviews several traditional extract methods such as impregnation, boiling method, percolation method, reflux extraction and distillation extraction and modern extract methods like supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), enzymatic extraction (ETE) and semi-bionic extraction (SBE). The principle, characteristics and the application of these technologies in traditional Chinese medicine research were introduced. As a new method, inner ebullition extraction was studied. The effects of pressure, temperature and extracting time on extraction of active ingredient were discussed. Compared with other extraction methods, inner ebullition extraction was found to be a faster and more effective method with lower extracting temperature, shorter extracting time and higher extraction yield. The article investigated the processes for extracting active ingredient from Macleaya cordata and Bidens bipinnata L with traditional method and inner ebullition method.Firstly, a HPLC method was established for the determination of sanguinarine in Macleaya cordata. HPLC analysis was carried out on C18 column and the acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid solution(25:75) as the mobile phase, the column temperature at 25℃, the flow rate at 1.0 mL/min and the detection wavelength at 282nm. Because of complex composition, concentration of sanguinarine was determined to reflect total alkaloids in Macleaya cordata. Regression equation is Y=8.2903+875.55X, correlation coefficient R2=0.99503.Secondly, the process for extracting active ingredient from Macleaya cordata and Bidens bipinnata L with ethanol was studied. The extraction yield of sanguinarine was 20.89mg/g under the optimum condition when using the concentration of ethanol 70%(V/V), the extraction temperature at 60℃, the ratio of solvent to material at 10, the extraction time for 3h. Comparison of different parts of raw material, experimental showed that the extraction yield of sanguinarine decreased in the order of the leaves, the stems and the roots. Finally, the process for extracting active ingredient from Macleaya cordata and Bidens bipinnata L with inner ebullition method was studied. Inner ebullition method included saturating process and decompressing process. The optimum condition of ethanol extraction was that:the concentration of releasing solvent ethanol 90%(V/V), the saturating time for 20min, the volume of resolution of 50 mL, the extraction temperature at 50℃, the extraction pressure under-70kPa, the extraction time for 30min. Using this technology, the extraction yield of sanguinarine was 26.95mg/g. Comparison of different parts of raw material, experimental showed that the extraction yield of sanguinarine decreased in the order of the leaves, the stems and the roots. Compared with traditional method, this method has lower extracting temperature, shorter extracting time and higher extraction yield. Compared with modern extracting methods, this method doesn't need complex extracting devices and avoid high energy consumption.