A Intervention Study On The Obesity Cognition, Behavior Of Primary School Pupils And Parents In Jinan

ObjectiveAlong with the development of national economy and the improvement of people's living standard, our children' nutrition status has made a lot of improvement, But at the same time changing in die structure and lifestyle leaded to rising obviously of overweight and obesity of the children, and that has gradually affected children's mental health. Because of the children being in growth stage, Physical and psychological are not mature, so drug treatment and operation of weight-reduction cannot be used in children. So far there is ineffectiveness of childhood obesity intervention methods, in general, adjustment diet, increasing physical activity, bad behavior modification and so on many kinds of comprehensive interventions were used. The purpose of this article is studying comprehensive prevention and control technology of obesity that is mainly in dietary nutrition, then explored the effective intervention of childhood obesity, so as to provide scientific basis to the effective prevention of the students'obesity.MethodsThis research is randomized controlled interference experiment in school, and intervention time is one year. Contents include questionnaires and physical examination, and intervention measures mainly included nutritional knowledge and physical activity. Using stratified cluster random sampling, we chose 6 primary schools in Jinan, and randomly divided into 3 intervention schools and 3 control schools, then grade 1 to 5 randomly selected 2 class in each grade. At last,1359 students were selected physical examination, and 1980 students were selected questionnaire survey. "pupils questionnaire" and "parents questionnaire" by self-made were survey tools; Physical examination included height, weight, etc. All content is each an investigation at baseline and eventually period.Results一,Basic information of intervention former1. The rate of overweight and obesity were 16.92% and 18.84%. The overweight rate and obesity rate of the male pupils was higher than the female pupils (P<0.01) Hypertension rates was 17.2%, and DBP anomaly rate was 8.0%, and SBP anomaly rate was 8.4%. Dyslipidemia rate was 15.1%; TC anomaly rate was 9.8%; TG anomaly rate was 2.5%; HDL-C anomaly rate was 2.9%; LDL-C anomaly rate was 6.3%.2,Knowledge, attitude and behavior about obesity in primary school pupils2.1 The correct answer rate of 2 questions about nutrition was less than 60%, and the awareness of the female pupils was better than that of the male pupils (P<0.05). The rate of eating breakfast every day was 81.4%. The rate of drinking dairy every day was 49.3%. The rate of eating western-sytle fast food at least once in the previous month was 51.9%. Half an hour before sleep at night eating accounted for 52.0%.2.2 The main sources of obesity knowledge were newspapers, magazines and books. The hope sources of obesity knowledge were specialized agent and health education class.2.3 The pupils' nutrition knowledge, health behavior attitude and eating behavior were positively related.2.4 The girl thought obese children had stronger self-respect and better social skills. The boy thought their reaction speed was slow, and the girl thought it was quick.3,Knowledge, attitude and behavior about obesity of the parents3.1 The correct answer rate of 1 question about nutrition was less than 60%. The rate of eating breakfast every day was 71.5%. The rate of drinking dairy every day was 30.8%. The rate of eating western-sytle fast food at least once in the previous month was 38.6%. Half an hour before sleep at night eating accounted for 63.6%.3.2 The main sources of obesity knowledge were newspapers, magazines and books. The hope sources of obesity knowledge were chair and publicity material.3.3 About no breakfast being harmful to childhood, the parents considered attention, followed by physical endurance, and obesity lowest.3.4 There were positively related between the parents and the pupils in nutrition knowledge, health behavior attitude and eating behavior.3.5 The parent thought obese children had strong self-respect and individuality. And they thought obese children were lazy, less food, fat, bad sport ability, hating movement, slow reaction speed and ill health.二,Intervention effect evaluation1 Intervention effect evaluation of treatment group and control groupOne year later, the overweight rate of treatment group was higher than control group, and obesity rate was lower, but difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Treatment group's Hypertension rates, SBP anomaly rate and DBP anomaly rate were lower than control group's, but difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05). Treatment group's TC, TG, DHL-C and LDL-C were lower than control group, and TG difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Nutrition knowledge, attitude and diet behavior of the pupil and their parents in treatment group got obvious improvement(P<0.05).2 Intervention effect evaluation of treatment groupAfter interventions, the overweight rate of treatment group was descent, and obesity rate was ascendant, but difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Hypertension rate and SBP anomaly rate were ascendant,, and DBP anomaly rate were descent, but difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). TC and LDL-C were descent, and difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Nutrition knowledge, attitude and diet behavior of the pupil and their parents in treatment group got obvious improvement(P<0.05).Conclusions 1 The overweight rate and obesity rate of the pupil were higher in Jinan. At the same time that of the male pupils was higher than that of the female pupils. Hypertension rate and dyslipidemia rate were on the high side.2 The pupil knew less in nutrition knowledge and attitude, and existed as unhealthy eating behavior in life. The health education class gave enough health knowledge to children in the school.\3 The parents about nutrition knowledge and attitude were universal understanding, but they still existed as unhealthy eating behavior in life.4 The parents had an effect on health behavior in nutrition knowledge, attitude and eating behavior have certain effect for their children.5 After comprehensive interventions, the overweight and obesity rate, Hypertension rate, dyslipidemia rate of the pupil had certain improvement, meanwhile, it improved the nutrition knowledge awareness of pupil and parents, and reduced the incidence of unhealthy dietary behaviors, obesity prevention for children to play an active role in the control.