| Chinese wild almond resources were important parts of energy plants in China. Recentresearch had highlighted the cultivation characteristic and value of almond but been confinedto a few species, studies on resources, cold resistance and drought resistance were stillwithout systemic summarization. To this problem, cold resistance and drought resistance ofdifferent species were observed, through consulting references and field survey, Chinese wildalmond species and common almonds were chosen as experiment materials to summarizegeographical distribution, value and cultivation technique, to check the current situation ofChinese wild almond resources, to build resource distribution map and to define the suitablecultivated area preliminarily. The results showed:1Analysis of the geographical distribution and habitat climate characteristics of thewoody oilseeds energy plant of almond in ChinaAccording to the Chinese flora, this paper summarized geographical distributions andecological adaptability of energy plants of the six species of almond from China (A. communisL., A. pedunculata Pall., A. nana L., A. tangutica Batal., A. mogolica Maxim. and A. trilobaLindl.), and mainly analyzed on the areal climate characteristics of the A communis L. and A.pedunculata Pall. that were more developing protential in almond. The results showed that theA. communis L. and A. pedunculata Pall. had significantly higher oil content, and A. trilobaLindl. had the highest crud protein content.2Studies on cold-resistance of several Chinese species of almondThrough the experiment on the cold-resistance level of different almond species, thesuitable cultivated area was preliminarily delimited, which provided theory basis for regionaldevelopment of almond. The annual dormant branches from six different varieties of almondwhich were endemic to China were used as experiment materials. Under different artificialsimulated low temperature, the relative leakage of electrolytes, the contents of Proline andMalondialdehyde (MDA), the Super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity and Peroxidase (POD)activity of the branches were studied. According to the S-shaped curves and the Logisticequation, the semi-lethal temperature (LT50) of them could be calculated. The germinating rate was tested after the recovery from low temperature, and then the results were analyzed andcompared. The result showed that the LT50of A. mongolica Maxim., A. pedunculata Pall., A.nana L., A. triloba Lindl., Mission and A. tangutlca Batal. were-35.17,-31.40,-26.37,-23.55,-20.12and-19.24℃respectively. The contents of Proline and MDA turned out to havesimilar trend of increasing with the decline of the temperature, and the species with excellentcold resistance had higher activity of SOD and POD, higher contents of Proline, and lowerMDA. After the recovery from low temperature, the species with excellent cold resistance hada significantly higher germinating rate than the other species. The sequence of cold resistancewas as follows: A. mongolica Maxim.> A. pedunculata Pall.> A. nana L.> A. triloba Lindl.>Mission> A. tangutlca Batal. The resistance mechanisms of P. mongolica Maxim. is strongest,it was born in desert of Inner Neimeng, Ningxia and Gansu which gave it strong potential ofresistance adapt to desert and other inclement weather conditions. A. pedunculata Pall. isanother strong-resistantant specie of the wild almond, the origin of the Northwest climateconditions, caused its strong resistance, which made it have strong ability to adapt to stress. Itis abvious that the cold-resistance is related to geographical distribution, and could beintroduced and extended in the area of similar climate condition.3Influence of water stress on the seed germination of A. pedunculata Pall.Effect of water stress on the seed germination of A. pedunculata Pall. was studied. Theresult showed that with different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG6000), thetreatment of water stress simulated: with the decrease of water potential, the germination rate,germination vigor, speed, index and radicle growth were inhibited. The sequence of droughtresistance was as follows:Chaomei＞Nonpareil＞Mission, and A. pedunculata Pall. in Shenmuarea＞A. pedunculata Pall. in Hebei area. Compared with A. communis L (CK), A.pedunculata Pall. had stronger drought resistence and better adaptive ability. At the same time,a degree of PEG could promote the seed germination of almond. |
