| Botanial pesticide with low toxicity, low-residue, safe to the environment, harmless tohunmans and animals, pests difficicult to generate resistance, is fit to national environmentprotection and sustainable agricultural development strategy for the technical requirements ofthe Integrated Pest Management.Extracted and separated from plants, gained agriculturalactivity substances, directly processed into botanical pesticide; or based agricultural activitysubstances, synthesised more safe and efficient lead compounds, further devdloped newpesticides, has become a research hot-spots at home and abroad. Plant resources of QinlingMountains of China and Inner Mongolia region is extremely rich, only the Qinling MountainsFlora recorded Qinling Mountains have plants and more than140, more than4,000species, aunique advantage is showed in the study of botanical insecticide or botanical acaricide. Basedon these, in order to further develop and utilize insecticidal or acaricidal resources, this papersystematically researched bioactivity of acetone extracts of plants comprehensively collectedfrom the Qinling Mountains in China and Inner Mongolia region of51families,94genera,121kinds of to Tetranychina harti, T. cinnabarinus, Lipaphis erysimi and Aphis sp, and as anindicator of synergistic virulence of the joint cooperation of highly active plant, furtherresearch complex synergistic, the following main results as follows:1) Taking Myzus persicae as the test pest, according to dipping insects and leaves trails,in the form of extract fixed quantity, aphidicidal activity of acetone extracts of more than90plants are screened and the result showed P. acinosa and K. cuspidatum presented the mosttoxicity, and the corrected motality in24h is90.53%and90.06%. the corrected motality in24h of18plants which are I. britanica and C. macrocephalum and so on are over80%; In theform of planht dry sample, aphidicidal activity of29plants of the above tested plants arescreened against Myzus persicae and the result E. phellomanus showed present the highesttoxicity, and corrected motality in24h is90.78%at the concentration of0.1g DW/Ml, thecorrected motality in24h of K. schrenkianum (stem and leaf) and A. desertorum (stem androot) is72.07%and66.90%, respectively. Considered as plant resource, activity and otherfactors, the potential value of E. phellomanus, K. schrenkianum and I. britanica can bedetermined in the research of botanical aphicide.2) Taking Tetranychina harti as the test pest mites, using slide dip as bioassay method, in the form of extract fixed quantity, acaricidal activity of acetone extracts of more than100plants are screened and the result showed7plants which are L.artemisia, E.esula, and so onhave the most toxicity in24h to T. harti, and the corrected motality are over80%, at theconcentrate of10mg/mL; In the form of planht dry sample,58plants of the above testedplants are screened and the result showed E. rutaecarpa, E. phellomanus, X. sibiricum, G.uralensis are all presented higher toxicity, and the corrected motality in24h is89.01%,85.38%,82.28%and79.75%at the concentrate of0.2g DW/mL. Considered as plantresource, acticity and other factors, it can initially determine that L.artemisia, E.esula, E.phellomanus and G. uralensis are all worth developing to botanical acaricide.3) Toxicity test of high activity extracts of plants showed extract of I. britanica had thehighest virulence against Aphis sp, the value of LC50is1702.31mg/L; extract of C.chinensis presented the most virulence to Tetranychus Cinnabarinus, the value of LC50is481.98mg/L.4) Synergy of aphidicidal and acaricidal activity which included selected substances bythis paper and screened by the elders is tested and the result found: a) aphidicidal activitycombination of E.esula+turps and E. esula+holly oil showed synergy to Aphis sp, the valueof c·f is27.21,26.61repectively; b) acaricidal activity combination of G. uralensis+thymolshowed synergy to T. cinnabarinus, value of c·f is31.22. |
PDF Full Text Request