Research And Design Of The Main Components Of Electric Tractor Used In Greenhouse

Sponsored by Yangling modern agriculture international research training program(A213021007), we made an electric tractor which can be used in greenhouses. This machinecan greatly solve the problems of energy sources of existing greenhouse mechanical andenvironmental pollution, and improves the mechanization level and content of science ingreenhouse. The main work includes the following four aspects:(1)We gave three kind of drivelines which is suitable for crawler electric tractors.Based on this, we chose one of them which is good four this prototype.(2)A kind of electric drive system which is suitable for this prototype was proposed.And we showed how to design and calculation these main parameters, and matched the rightelectric tractor, batteries and mechanical transmission. Based on this, the overall design wascompleted and the prototype was made.(3)We measured and calculated these main technical performance parameters, andanalyse these data. The prototype centroid position is reasonable, and it has a good stabilityand ramps passing capacity. The road test and the plough test in greenhouse showed theprototype can work normal, the speed and the plough parameters meet the designrequirements. Besides, the operational experiment showed the minimum turning radius is418mm, with small turning space and good steering maneuverability, suitable for therelatively small operating space in greenhouse. The yawing rate is only0.86%, linear drivingis relatively good, which contribute to improve the work quality. The power consumption ofThe prototype one-time fully charged was4.98kW·h, The cost of the use of prototype islower than the cost of the use of today's greenhouse commonly used two micro-farmingmachines, with more significant economic benefits.(4)Designed a pilot program that used to study traction efficiency of the prototype inthe condition of a particular plowing. This experiment showed that, under this plowing, whenthe prototype traction load fixed:a. With the prototype traction speed (traction power) increases, these output voltages ofthis battery pack under every stall were tshown a downward trend, and these output currents and output power were shown rising trend. When the prototype operating in different stalls atthe same drawing speed, the output power of the battery in low-gear is higher than that inhigh-gear.b. With the increase of traction speed, traction efficiency in the different gears aregradually increasing. On the whole, the traction efficiency in Ⅲ gear is the highest, followedby Ⅱ gear, the traction efficiency in Ⅰgear is the lowest. In order to improve the tractionefficiency, if the prototype can satisfy the working requirements, we should use high-speedoperations, high-gear work or high-gear high-speed operations as much as possible.c. If the work speed of the motor is equal or greater than to the rated speed, theefficiency of the controller can achieve92%or above. The analysis showed that increasingthis prototype's traction can effectively improve the traction efficiency, and improve thewhole efficiency of mechanical transmission can further increase the efficiency of the tractionefficiency.