Experimental Resrarch On Irrigation Model Of Water-Saving And Quality-Controling Of Economic Crops In Atid Northwest Greenhouse

This experiment carried in radical circular agriculture demonstration park ofdevelopment village in QingYuan town LiangZhou district WuWei City in GanSu province,take the tomatoes and watermelons as the research object, in order to find the water-saving,high quality, good quality and high water use efficiency. Observed and analyzed the waterphysiology index, water consumption, yield and quality, made the following mainachievements:(1) The results of deficit irrigation experiment of tomatoes in the mature stages in thegreenhouse2010showed that: water deficit in some extent could reduce the tomatophotosynthetic rate and transpiration rate, mainly displays in12:00noon-14:00PM, then thedifference between the different treatments gradually decreased. After harvest the dry mass oftaproot of tomatoes performed for theCK has significant difference with the2/3CK, dry massof stem shows2/3CK>CK>1/2CK, dry mass of leaf showsCK>2/3CK>1/2CK, and the2/3CK has significant difference with the1/2CK.Comprehensive analyzed the tomatoes yields,water use efficiency and pure economic benefit:when the irrigation water for3457M~3/hM~2,can get the largest pure economic benefits of309067yuan/hM~2which removedthe income of the irrigation fee, the yield reached189161kg/hM~2,the water use efficiencyreached55.78%.The nutrition quality showed that, the soluble solids, soluble protein, VC andorganic acids content are increased, among them,the VC and the soluble solids has significantdifference between treatments.(2)The results of deficit-recovery alternate irrigation experiment of tomatoes ingreenhouse showed that: the water consumption and production had a quadric-curverelationship,the the water consumption and the irrigation water use efficiency in a linearrelationship; yield of the early period had a big difference, yield of the middle stagesremained the little difference, the late stages showed the total yield has a significantdifference.Now the overall, the odd number times give the irrigation quota of1/2conventional water, even number times give the irrigation quota of conventional water of theT4treatment get the highest yield;.the results of the quality showed that, with the irrigationwater reduced the characterization of the three color greenhouse tomatoes index brightness, saturation and color Angle are increased.The results of the three indexes of color, brightness, saturation and color horns in the middlestages present irregular change, the fruit shape standard degrees presents T4,T5treatment isbetter; the hardness and soluble solids are the small in the early stages, to middle increasesomewhat, and later reduced, overall for fruit of hardness and soluble solids with picking thepassage of time, change trend presents the first increases, then decreases.The fruit hardness ofdifferent irrigation treatment increased with the overall deficit degree;the deficit-recoveryalternate irrigation can improve the soluble protein content of the fruit; the content of organicacid and VC content increased with the picking time passed, the organic acid increased withthe deficit-recovery alternate irrigation deficit degree increased.Sugar-acid ratio first reduced,then increased.At the early stages,middle stages,late stages of the mature period, thesugar-acid ratio content have the change trend:first increased,then reduced.Compared withthe commercial degree find:at the early stages,the yields of level1fruit and level2fruit takethe big percentage of the total yields is the treatment T1and T6, more than70%at that stages;at the middle stages, the yields of level1fruit and level2fruit take the big percentage of thetotal yields is the treatment T3,more than70.27%; at the late stages, the yields of level1fruitand level2fruit take the big percentage of the total yields is the treatment T3,T1andT2,respectively82.57%,71.61%å'Œ78.59%。(3)The results of the deficit-recovery alternate irrigation experiment showed that, the oddtimes deficit degree is larger,after the even time irrigation compensation,the plant heightcompensation effect ion presents more obvious inspire;the total water less would inhibit thegrowth of stem diameter, and moisture appropriate may promote the growth of stem diameter,and avoid unnecessary waste water.Leaf number and leaf area in fruit stage to the swollenperiod there is an obvious compensation effect, T1, T4, T5, T6treatments leaf area is growingrapidly, T2, T4, T5, T6treatments leaf number is growing rapidly, showed a goodcompensation effect. Through the deficit-recovery alternate irrigation, the fresh mass contentresults showed that, after two cycle deficit-recovery water alternate irrigation when odd timeirrigation quota as the2/3of conventional irrigation quota, the even time for3/4conventionalirrigation quota,treatment T3and odd number times irrigation quota for1/2conventionalirrigation quota, even time for conventional water irrigation quota,the treatment T4, is helpfulto the underground part and the ground part of the crop growth, and helpful for the formationof the production.Generally, water consumption and production in a conic relationship,irrigation water and water use efficiency in a linear relationship. In addition to the treatmentT1, the rest of the processes could got increase affection compared withCK, and the yielddifference between treatments significantly. results of yield showed that processing T4, T3, T6 compared withCK were increased by11.37%,9.43%,8.26%. pure economic benefits showedgood respectively were the processing T3and T4, unilaterally water benefit showed goodwere the treatment T5and treatment T6; the hardness and soluble solid of watermelon ingreenhouse reduced with the irrigation quota increased, means that the deficit-recoveryalternate irrigation was the same as the deficit irrigation,both of them could improve thequality of fruit,the irrigation less,the quality of fruit better;the vitamin C under deficitirrigation in greenhouse presents an irregular change,the T3treatment can got the highestcontent.(4)Make use of theAnalytical Hierarchy Proces(sAHP)method to do a comprehensiveassessment to the irrigation model, considered the irrigation water use efficiency,massgrowth,yield,pure economic benefit5factors,ensured that the best irrigation model oftomatoes under deficit irrigation in mature stages was the treatment2/3CK which theirrigation quota as the2/3times by conventional irrigation quota;the best irrigation modelunder the deficit-recovery alternate irrigation of tomatoes was the treatment T3,which theodder number times the irrigation quota as the2/3times by the conventional irrigationquota,and the even number times the irrigation quota as the3/4times by conventionalirrigation quota; the best irrigation model under deficit-recovery alternate irrigation was thetreatment T3, which the odder number times the irrigation quota as the2/3times by theconventional irrigation quota,and the even number times the irrigation quota as the3/4timesby conventional irrigation quota.