Effects Of Different Water Harvesting On Proso Millet (Panicummiliaceuml.) In The Loess Plateau

The loess plateau is the largest region of dry farming, there is less rainfall anddistribution difference, which is limit factor for crop growing. Proso millet mainly plantednortheast of this region, according for1/6of the food production, and status is veryimportant for the food production. In this region, proso millet product modes is extensive,yield was regulated by limit rainfall, water use efficiency is lower, yield per area keeps lowlevel, which influenced farmer's income and agricultural efficiency. Therefore, increasingsoil water content,effects of saving water and water use efficiency of crop,this should haveimportant meaning for improving proso millet yield and farmer income. Alternation ridge andfurrow only the ridge mulched with white plastic film (PRFRH) systems based on thisideology, Water harvesting from plastic film on ridges supplies water to proso millet of thefurrow, and the plastic film on ridges inhibits soil water evaporation. PRFRH system mayimprove crop growing. This system is necessity for increasing proso millet yield.In this research, we designed four PRFRH systems. The objectives of this study were todetermine：(a) key growing period,(b) marginal effect,(c) obtain the best ridge： furrowwidth,(d) effect of saving water and benefit analysis between old-type and new-type, theresults as follows：(1) Plant height and dry matter of old-type was suit for Logistic modes, effect of thesimulation may be reliable. All treatments might curtail vegetative growth days(1.15%-7.55%),prolong reproductive growth days (1.26%-6.06%),and increase dry matteramount (26.22%-68.37%). P60had better effect compared with others. The key growingperiod was showed in6-7weeks after the seeding, when should enhance water and fertilizerregulated. It was key period for improving proso millet yield.(2) Marginal effect of side sow showed difference, because of different ridge width andfurrow width. More the ridge width, more the marginal effect under the ridge width equal tofurrow width. However, marginal effect of middle sow was weaker, and Photosyntheticcapacity of middle sow was also weaker, contributing rate of yield of middle sow was lowerthan side sow.(3) This cultivation system significantly increased soil water content of the furrow, andpromoted proso millet growth and yield development. Water harvesting from plastic film on ridges supplies water to proso millet of the furrow, and the plastic film on ridges inhibits soilwater evaporation. Those improved water use efficiency and increased proso millet yield,increased by75.58%-185.54%,73.87%-147.00%,respectively. Although, rainfall amountand distribution had large difference in two years, the optimal ridge and furrow mode wassimilar for two years：a ridge: furrow width was60cm-64cm.(4) Compared with the best old-type, agricultural characters, dry matter, leaf area,root/aboveground and effect of saving water of the new-type had more advantage, W typehad the best effect. Profit and input/output, new-type have also more advantage comparedwith old-type,increased by256.58%-423.47%,73.49%-140.09%,respectively. W type hadmore effects than M type among the new-types.