Effect Of Vegetation Restoration On Soil Enzyme Activities And Microbial Diversity After Surface Mine Reclamation In Antaibao

Soil microbe plays an important role in the process of ecological restoration in seriously degraded ecosystem, so it is necessary to study the soil microbe dynamics in mining areas. This study was carried out in Antaibao surface coal mine, and there were seven study sites including abandoned land, natural restored site, Medicago sativa, Robinia pseudoacacia plantation, mixed forests including Pinus tabuliformis-R. pseudoacacia, P. tabuliformis-R. pseudoacacia-Caragana Korshinskii, Hippophae rhamnoides-R. pseudoacacia-C. Korshinskii-Elaeagnus angustifolia. Soil was sampled respectively in0-10and10-20cm layers. The tested soil phy-chemical characteristics included water content, pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen and available nitrogen. Soil invertase, urease, catalase and polyphenoloxidase activities were measured. In addition, soil bacteria, fungi, zaobacter, nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria population were numbered. The differences on phy-chemical, enzyme activities and microbial properties among studied sites were analyzed so we could reveal that the effects of restored vegetation types on soil quality. The results were listed as followed:1. There were no significant differences on water content and pH among different vegetation restoration patterns. Compared to abandoned land and natural restored site, other5recovery patterns improved significantly soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and C/N ratio. The highest organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen and C/N ratio showed under P. tabuliformis-R. pseudoacacia mixed forest.2. Except for the highest polyphenoloxidase activity from abandoned land, reforestation would promot soil enzyme activities than abandoned land and natural restored site. The highest invertase, urease and catalase values demonstrated respectively in R. pseudoacacia plantation, P. tabuliformis-R. pseudoacacia and H. rhamnoides-R. pseudoacacia-C. Korshinskii-E. angustifolia mixed forests.3. Reforestation also produced positive influences on soil microbial population and diversities. The highest population, Shannon and Simpson indexes of bacteria were in P. tabuliformis-R. pseudoacacia mixed forests, and the highest ones of fungi population appeared in H. rhamnoides-R. pseudoacacia-C. Korshinskii-E, angustifolia mixed forests. The highest azobacter, nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria appeared in abandoned land.4. The soil total fertility including phy-chemicals, enzyme actives and microbial characteristics were analyzed by Principal component analysis. The results demonstrated that the highest soil total fertility at upper soil layer was in P. tabuliformis-R. pseudoacacia mixed forests and the highest one at10-20cm depth was in abandoned land. The reforestation would promote soil formation and improve quality.