Studies On Cold Resistance Of Grape Resources

Under cold stress condition of one-year-old branches, the cold hardiness of seventy-three grape resources which included sixty-four accessions of eighteen Chinese wild Vitis species,nine accessions of seven American wild Vitis species,two cultivars of V.vinifera (CK) and thirteen hybrids of American Vitis was identified based on the Cold Index, Relative electric Conductivity, Soluble Sugar, Soluble Protein, MDA and free proline tested by Correlation analysis of indexes,principal components analysis and the method of Subordinate Function (SF). Meanwhile, the cold-tolerance mechanism of the hybrids of American Vitis for Juicing was researched. For the one hundred and twenty-three hybrids of V.vinifera×Chinese wild Vitis species and eight hybrids of Beichun (V.vinifera cv.Muscat Hamburg×V.amurensis ) selfing, the cold hardiness was identified using the method of Subordinate Function (SF) based on the Cold Index, Relative electric Conductivity and Soluble Sugar. The results showed as follows:1. There were substantial differences to cold hardiness among of Chinese wild Vitis species and accessions of the same species. The average of subordinative of V. amurensis and V. yeshanensis were more than 0.72,belonging to the most hardiness species. The subordinative of V. adstricta was 0.60,it was the more cold hardiness species. The middle hardiness species were V. pseudoreticulata,V. hancockii,V. piasezkii, V. Ficifolia and V. quinquangularis,whose subordinative were between 0.42 and 0.57. The V. romanetii,V. davidii Foex,V. piasezkii,V. bashanica,V. liubaensis and V. liubaensis were the low hardiness species,and whose subord-inative were between 0.30 and 0.39. The V. davidii ninqiangensis,the V. qinlingensis,the V. davidii.cyanocarpa,the V. wilsonae and the V. baihensis belonging to cold susceptibility species,the subordinative were between 0.21 and 0.29.2. All of American wild Vitis species in this paper were more cold hardiness species. He'an-2 of V. ripia is the most resistant accession to the cold hardiness and V. cinerea is the susceptible specie to the cold hardiness. The subordinative were between 0.63 and 0.86.3. All of thirteen hybrids of American Vitis were the more cold hardiness cultivars,and the subordinative were between 0.42 and 0.72. Under low temperature, the Relative electric Conductivity and the MDA content changes were negative correlation with the cold hardiness of the grapevines. But Soluble Sugar,Soluble Protein and Free Proline content changes were strong positive correlation with the cold hardiness of the grapevines. 4. The cold resistance of all the hybrids of Muscat Hamburg×Heilongjiang Seedling and Red Globe×Shuangyou were between their parents, But the Beichun selfing and the hybrids of Yanshan-1×He'an-3 were also appeared genetic separation,a few of them were beyond their parents and the separation to weak hardiness direction, and also have some hybrids stronger than their parents.