The Silage Process Research

With the rapid development of animal husbandry, the dosage of grain used for forage increases year by year. The stress will be from grain used for forage instead of eating of human. In order to develop animal husbandry, it is badly in need of exploiting an new kind of forage instead of grain. Crop straw is a better choice for producing the silage. It is an agricultural biomass waste, and the production of which was up to 72 million ton annually in our country. Much of it was used as fuel which could not only arouse pollution of the environment but also cause waste of resources. It can not only improve the quality of forage, but also fully develop and utilize straw resources. It is an important method to solve the problem that shortage of grain used for forage and to ensure the sustainable development of animal husbandry in the long run.Corn was chosen as raw material to mainly research the composition of basal medium, influences of organic acid content by the methods of adding lactobacillus separately, adding lactobacillus and cellulose simultaneously in this thesis. Some main factors such as dosages of Chinese cabbage, soya bean, tomato, additive amount of lactobacillus and cellulose, length of straw, fermentation temperature and period from the factors that the composition of basal medium and the conditions of fermentation were screened out by single factor screening method. Then the main factors were further optimized using orthogonal analysis method, and an amplification test was processed in the 20L stainless steel fermenter as well.The results showed that the optimal conditions were as follows. The dosages of Chinese cabbage, soya bean, tomato are 1000, 30 and 100 grams, respectively. Lactobacillus and cellulose should be added simultaneously, besides, the additive amounts of lactobacillus and cellulose are 10% and 1% separately. In addition, the length of straw was 1cm. Then the yield of organic acid was 1.66% after fermenting for 5 days at 36℃.The results of amplification test were better than that of flask-shaking test.