Title: Research About Principles Of Flowers And Fruits Drop Of Cornus Wateri And The Measures To Increases Throughput

The test is make Cornus wateri, who belong to Cornus Cornaceae , as the research object. Establish pilot sites in Shannxi Yangling, Shandong Yiyuan, Henan Lushi and Shanxi Yangcheng. Research about the biological characteristics and the fallen petal law of Cornus wateri to find out the measures of increase its output. Through the observation of phenophase of pilot sites and takeing some measures to improve fruit-set rate, get the following conclusion:(1)Biological characters observation and analysis of Cornus wateri show that coefficient of variation of fruiting and annual branches length are the biggest, achieved 39% and 30% respectively, variation amplitude is 10%～44% and 58～142cm. Relative to stem length, DBH, crotch angle and annual branches basal diameter, the two characters are considerable difference in different tree, and the difference is conducive to choose the high-yield plant.(2)Into full bloom, each branch has 16～54 corymbose cymes, inflorescence height is 3.44～5.59cm, and the width of inflorescence is 4.8～12cm. Each inflorescence has 73～133 white flowers, Fruit diameter is 6.0～7.53cm, seed diameter is 4.52～5.54mm, pericarp thickness is 0.46～1.30mm, shell thickness is 0.74～0.96mm, fruit set was 2.63%～13.70%, grain weight is 220g～260g and the average annual throughput is 10～30kg .(3)Based on the drought-wet heavy-gauge about every part of Cornus wateri fruit which is in different periods, it is found that there are two wet weight increase peaks during June 23 to June 29, and July 12 to July 27. Wet weight of nuts and nut shell change smoothly, and wet weight of rind is steadily increasing. Basic on the dry weight, peel and nut shell had a sustained and rapid increase on the organic. There are a moisture accumulation period during June 23 to July 6, and a organic accumulation period during July 6 to August 13.(4)Through the fruit yields observation about 73 trees for three years, fruit yields marked from more to less by A to E, T test shows that when differential≥4.52, fruits yields have a significant differences in 0.05 level. There is 58.96% whose differential≥4.52, it is mean that biennial fruit is ubiquity.(5)Through phenophase observation about Shannxi Yangling, Shandong Yiyuan, Henan Lushi and Shanxi Yangcheng, it shows that illuminance and atmospheric conditions is the most important influencing factor under the same latitude factors. Phenological period of Cornus wateri has two periods: Vegetative and reproductive growth. Vegetative growth sequence is Shannxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Henan. Reproductive growth sequence is Shannxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Henan. Although the start and end time of phenological phases about the four test area are inconsistency, but they have the same duration of forming, squaring, leafing, fruiting stage, it is about 20 to 30 days. Maturity and falling stage is last 7 to 14 days.(6)Through taking some measures to improve the fruit yields of Cornus wateri ,it can make a conclusion that 0.3% urea can improve the fruit yields about 14.25%, and it is smoothly. 10mg/L GA, 20mg/L GA and 40mg/L 2,4-D can make a obvious effect. 40mg/L 2,4-D can make the biggest improving, it can arrived 112.96%. Thus, we can know that taking some measures can improve the fruit yields of Cornus wateri.