| In order to reduce phosphorus release from agricultural non-point source pollution, soil amendments were used to prevent and control the phosphorus loss. This thesis was based on the experiments in the field, shed pot and indoor simulation, which concerned with the control of phosphorus loss after the treatment with the amendments application. The effects of the growth and physiological characteristics were discussed in addition. These results can provide some technical and theoretical suggestions for the comprehensive construction of prevention and control technology system of Dianchi Lake Basin agricultural non-point source pollution. The results showed as follows.Under the treaments of different soil types, rainfall time and intensity, the simulation experiment revealed obviously control effect of the soil amendments on phosphorus runoff. With continuous desorption, comprehensive effect on leaching kinetics of TP and TDP in facilities agricultural and sloping farmland soils by adding soil amendments is quite different, the change trend of CK was "S" type, while the amendment was "L" type. It showed that loss of soil phosphorus has been significantly controlled by different treatments. Then under 6～8 hours' continuous desorption, control effect of FES was significantly improved in sloping farmland soil, while PAM was obvious in facilities agricultural soil. Moreover, FES can obviously control phosphorus runoff from soil in relatively short time (4 hours) desorption, in comparison PAM was better in a long time (6 hours later) desorption. However, high intensity rainfall (2 hours) resulted more serious soil phosphorus loss than continuous rainfall (6 hours). FES had a remarkable phosphorus control on the former.Amendment types and doses in shed pot and field experiments showed some results. Total phosphorus and available phosphorus in the soil was significant linear correlated in the whole life of plant(Brassica oleracea var. capitata), as well as the TP, TDP and DP concentration. The effect of phosphorus loss controlling was most obvious under the level of 0.2% of ALS, followed by PAM (in the level of 0.3%) and FES (in the level of 0.2%), they reduced the concentration of phosphorus in runoff water by 30%-40%. In addition, the cabbage morphological characters of stem and root have been significantly incresed, but the phosphorus content of root has not changed significantly, while PAM, FES and ALS promoted maize growth in varying degrees, so as conducive to production.The growth and physiological properties of Brassica chinensis were observed and analysised after the application of soil amendments, FES significantly increased the fresh weight per unit length of cabbage to 39%, which indicated that it was more conducive to the growth of vegetables. PAM not only improved the fresh weight of plant by 35% but also increased their dry weight accumulation by 47% in the medium, which suggests that PAM could be applyed in both vegetables and grain crops yield. What's more, PAM was greater effectual on the root activity increased by 59% in the medium, and FES had greater impact on the ground parts. Additionally, PAM and FES can increase leaf soluble sugar by 18% and 22% respectively in the edible period, while difference of total phosphorus content was not significant (P> 0.05) between the treatment and control groups. |
