| ECS is one of the largest continental shelves in the world. It is well known that ECS is home to the most famous fishing grounds in East Asia. Biological resources are abundance in this area, for instance, 200 kinds of Phytoplankton, 611 kinds of Zooplankton, 855 kinds of Benthos, and fishing yield takes up 40% of China. So overfishing effects biological resources, then research in the implementation of EAF (Ecosystem approach to fisheries) does have great significance. This paper use ECOPATH and RAPFISH technique to study EAF implementation in the ECS, for supplying basic information to management and development. Above all, we have got some results:Ecopath model of the East China Sea contains 32 function groups. The total catch is 5.761t/km2/y, the total consumption is 2621.630t/km2/y, the total output is 106.339t/km2/y, the total detritus import is 1303.487t/km2/y, the total biomass (no detritus) is 73.478t/km2/y, and the total system throughput is 5393 t/km2/y. These data indicated that the nutrition, productivity and prey biology of the East China Sea are in a good condition. The primary productive forces and the respiratory ratio is 0.825, which showed the biological resources habitat is in a good level in the East China Sea. The ecosystem connection index and complexity are 0.172 and 0.199 respectively, indicated the prey action complexity of the different nutrition level in the East China Sea is low. The mean trophic level of the catch is 3.1, compared the old times to have reduces, indicated the East China Sea ecosystem is in a decay stage.Sustainability of five main fisheries (Scomber japonicus purse seine fishery, Trichiurus haumela trawl fishery, Trachurus japonicus purse seine fishery, Pseudosciaena polyactis trawl fishery, Pseudosciaena crocea trawl fishery) was evaluated in the ECS based on the RAPFISH(Rapid APpraisal fishery) technique, this technique was mentioned in the FAO EAF implementation . RAPFISH technique is designed for evaluating the comparative sustainability of fisheries. Attributes used in the ECS RAPFISH analysis are chosen to reflect sustainability within disciplines, and attributes ordinations are performed using non-metric Weight Multi-Dimensional Scaling (WMDS) followed by scoring. Results showed that: sustainability of five fisheries approximately fluctuate between 21% and 69% in discipline of ecology, sociology, technology, economy and ethic. Ecological sustainability of the P.crocea trawl fishery was the lowest. Economic sustainability of T. japonicus purse seine fishery and P. polyactis trawl fishery was better than another three fisheries. Technological and sociological sustainability of T. japonicus purse seine fishery was at the lowest level of the five fisheries. It is due to attributes scores configuration sustainability differences took place. According to the ECS RAPFISH analysis, some suggestions were proposed:(i) P.crocea fishery management should emphsize on innovative measures relative to three attributes, for instance, constructing and completing the spawning-protecting area and relevant measures, strengthening the management on the habitat protection and so on. (ii)The net selectivity should be improved in the trawl fishery, then the bycatch quality will be lower, at the meantime, T. Japonicus fishery should be restricted to increase the biomass of this species, when the biomass increasing to a higher level, the bycatch approach will be changed, and the technology sustainability will increase. (iii)The damage net facilities to the habitat should be restricted and lowed and the fishing effort should be more effective, so further researches should be more focused on net facilities.(iv)The national managerial measures should make a shift on quality of the fishermen's lives so as to promote the status of the sociology, and the focus of management should be put on the fishermen's ecosystem protection, only when the living standards of fishermen are improved, the effectiveness of management can be realized. |
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