The Study On Soil Aimalls And Biotope Correlation In Black Soil And Meadow Soil Of Typical Area Of The Middle And Lower Reaches Of Songhua River

Soil animal ecological distribution is a global terrestrial ecosystem ,one of the important part. Soil animals play a very important role in ecological system of material circulation, energy flow. Soil animal as ecological system integrated, stable environment, ecological system indicative of the existing state and environmental change is having a good characterization role. Soil animal ecological geography research is not only soil zoology base combining theory with practice, but also the important fields the key link of ecology.At present domestic for soil animal ecological geographic research field has carried out extensive and in-depth research, but for the river basin of soil animal studies on the ecological geographic less. The study on middle and lower reaches of songhua river basin and the river area for research object, so in the meadow of black soil and soil animals in the amount and type of composition, ecological distribution characteristics, as well as with the soil physical and chemical environment factor relations and other aspects of the system and the investigation of the comparative study, got a lot of basic material, to understand the songhua river valley middle and lower reaches soil animal resources characteristics and ecological distribution, in river basin is discussed under the soil animals the function of soil and meadows soil is important.This research in the spring and summer along Songhua River into two time of flow direction of the middle and lower in Harbin, Ylang ,Jiamusi, FuJin (meadow for a series of sample soil), and so SuiHua as Harbin, built on the FuJin to sanjiang , press meadow soil and soil two different soil types selecting typical sample of 11 launched flora investigation, we are compared and analyzed the soil animal community types, volume composition, ecological distribution and soil animal and soil environment factor relations.In this investigation we got 20369 individuals, 125 groups of soil animal, including a large soil animal 97 kinds, 6053 individuals, advantage of taxa cable vermis, nematodes and earthworms 3 classes; Small and medium-sized soil animals, were 14316 individuals 67 class, including advantage populations Prostigmata, Mesostigmata, Oribatidas , Tomoceridae.Soil animal horizontal distribution of soil characteristics are: large soils with meadow soil animal individual density and the species number, there was no significant difference between the carrying large black soil and meadow soil animal level is similar,Two kinds of soil types of small and medium-sized soil animals under horizontal distribution of soil individuals is meadow density and groups of black soil several smaller than individual density and the species number. Meadows soil along the river soil animal level distribution in the direction of survey results for: large soil animal individual number Harbin >Ylang > Fujin > Jiamusi, other plants could fully FuJin of Harbin, jiamusi species, distribution results for Jiamusi>Fujin >Ylang >Harbin other plants could fully FuJin Jiamusi, as Harbin contrast of Harbin SuiHua the species number of samples with Harbin equal, Compared with FuJin build sanjiang FuJin less than the species number, but a lot more individual number. Small and medium-sized soil animal survey Harbin >Jiamusi > Ylang >Fujin, Black horizontal distribution along the river for large direction of soil animal individual performance Ylang > Jiamusi>Harbin, for other plants could fully number of Harbin, groups and individuals of the comparison results number number is consistent,Ylang>Jiamusi >Harbin,that other plants could fully; So SuiHua as to Harbin, its large number of individuals in the soil animals than Harbin, and the groups quantity and Harbin taxa equal amount. Build sanjiang sample soil sample represents the songhua river downstream in the characteristics of black soil types, large soil animal species in the middle level, significantly higher than other individual number samples.The vertical distribution of soil animal has the following characteristics: soil and soil from meadow two soil types, the overall level of individual look total number and the groups in the vertical distribution is the cohesion of the law in accordance with table, including with soil deepen, black soil animals and groups of diminishing number is, and meadow auto-merging for the fourth layer soil performance of soil animal individual number and the groups than the third layer increased slightly.Soil animal community characteristic index findings: soil animal's evenness and abundance index and the diversity index, they are a positive correlation with a negative correlation dominance index. All the similarity to large soil animal low; Adjacent sample community similarity between higher; Small and medium-sized soil animal and large soil animal similarity performance close to agreement.Soil animal individual number, and there is a correlation between soil physical and chemical factors, but the association is not obvious. And heavy metal related not obvious, and trace elements related not obvious.