| The western semiarid area in Heilongjiang Province is one of the important soybean yield base, a steady increase yield of soybean has an important significance for the nation food safety and increasing farmer's income. Drip irrigation is one of the advanced techniques for saving water and increasing yield. This method gets applications in a large area for tomato, cotton, corn and so on. It is also very important significance for saving water and increasing yield of soybean in the western semiarid area in Heilongjiang Province. According to the status of water resources and the using of water-saving irrigation, chose representative area as the experiment base to study the water-saving irrigation. The experiment base was in Du Meng agricultural demonstration zone in southwest of Heilongjiang Province, the experiment used drip irrigation technology, under which did study water use efficiency, every physiological index and yield of soybean. To find best amount of drip irrigation water, reaching the purpose of water saving and high yield, which was the theoretical basis for studying on high yield technology in soybean.Through the study of experiment during 2009~2010, there was deeply understand the influence of different amount of drip irrigation water. Result of the experiment as follows:1) Through the study and analysis of plant height regression mode in soybean. The influence of different amount of drip irrigation on plant height of soybean expressed difference on different growth stage. Moderate plant height of soybean could improve yield and had the performance of lodging resistance. And, if improve the frequency of water in the stage of important water demanded, yield could improve too.2) The influence of water on LAI was greater, leaf area index of soybean increased with amount of irrigation water and frequency of water. The relationship of LAI and water consumption was positive correlated, the influence of LAI on yield of soybean was greater, the improving of leaf area could improve yield.3) Standed the number of amount of water and dry mater regression model. The influence of water fertilizer coupling expressed different. After pod setting stage, the accumulation of dry mater was mainly of bean pods. In this stage, to pour water advisable at this time, then the number of rate ratio of pod was high, which improved yield in soybean. Dry mater accumulation most concentrated in two stage of pod setting and seed filling stage. The relationship of dry mater and yield was positive correlated. 4) Through analyzing and computing, drip irrigation was very obvious in upgrading water use efficiency, but excess some ambit could not increase evidentially soil water content. The results showed that, yield of different water irrigation treatments increased with increased amount of irrigation, but when precipitation or amount of water kept on increasing, yield would be increased along with the augment of water consumption, tendency moved slowly; at this time, if the augment kept on increasing, because of water intoxication, yield would be reduced.5) Under drip irrigation, soil gravimetric water content was showed a distribution of two peak times and two all-time low in the whole period of duration. Soil gravimetric water of each treatment reached a peak time in seeding stage and pod setting stage; in the stage of bifurcation and autumn of soybean, soil gravimetric water was to descend. In addition, when the depth of soil was made deeper, the amplitude of soil gravimetric water of different treatment grew down.6) For the regular pattern to consume water, the degree of water consumption in every period of duration was different. The marshaling sequence: bloom~ setting filling> seed filling~ autumn> bifurcation~ bloom>Seeding~ bifurcate. And bloom~ setting filling period, which is the highest. This showed that bloom~ setting filling period was the key water period for soybean, and water deficient in bloom~ setting filling Period would influence soybean yield greatly. The results showed that, water consumption of different water irrigation treatments increased with increased amount of irrigation water; In pod setting-seed filling stage, the Water Consumption Regularity of soybean was the most, they were 4.3mm/d, 4.8 mm/d, 5.1 mm/d, 5.4mm/d, 2.3mm/d.7) The economic irrigation quota of drip irrigation was 1 090m~3/hm~2, which was calculated according to the principle that physiological index, irrigating water utilization efficiency and yield. Irrigation quota in Seeding stage, Seeding-bifurcation, Bifurcation-bloom, Bloom-pod setting, Pod setting-seed filling, Seed filling-autumn stage were 90 m~3/hm~2,80 m~3/hm~2,140 m~3/hm~2,400 m~3/hm~2,320 m~3/hm~2,60m~3/hm~2 respectively. |
