Study On Decomposition Of Green Manure And Benefits Of Corn-Green Manure Intercropping

As a kind of excellent Organic Fertilizer, green manure can improve soil structure and fertility. In order to reduce the great pressure of resource and environment to agricultural production because of application of fertilizer excessively in agricultural production, a large number of domestic and international experts carry out studies on the cultivation of green manure, but the actual effect of green manure is not very clear at present. The experiment carried in agricultural and sideline base of Shenyang Military Region from April 2008 to November 2010 . This study selected alfalfa and sweet clover to discuss their nutrient decomposition rule and the influence to soil physical and chemical properties as well as corn yield. We want to provide the support of theory and data for the function mechanism of green manure on cropping systems. Based on the data analysis, the result of the study indicated that:Through the 160 days of decomposition, the decomposition rates and nutrients (except K) mineralization rates of alfalfa were faster than sweet clovers', decomposition rates and nutrient mineralization rates of green manure under different treatments were Corn-fertilizer > no corn-no fertilizer > corn-no fertilizer, determined that the best decomposition mode was Burying alfalfa under the cultivation of corn-fertilizer.Intercropping green manure could improve the soil physical and chemical properties effectively, the treatment of corn-alfalfa 2:1 was the best. After three years of planting, intercropping and ploughing green manures back could improve the soil organic matter content effectively, and increased every year. Improved rate of corn sweet clover 3-1, corn sweet clover 2-1, and corn alfalfa 2-1 was larger. Intercropping and ploughing green manures back could stable soil pH. It also could reduce soil bulk density, and corn alfalfa 2-1 was most obviously. Compared to inter- alfalfa, inter- sweet clover three species was more conductive to improve the soil three phases, corn alfalfa 2-1 was most obviously, which declined amounted to 11.5% in consolidation phase, and increased 10.9% in liquid phase, 10.8% in gas phase, the difference achieved significant level. Soil field capacity was increased every year. Except corn alfalfa 2-1 and corn alfalfa 3-1, increased rate of all the other treatments was below to corn cleaning. In intercropping system, the yields of sweet clover were higher than alfalfa's significantly; and the yields in bloom stage were higher than harvest time's. Whether alfalfa or sweet clover,production order were corn-green manure 1:1 > corn-green manure 2:1 > corn-green manure 3:1;the yields of corn-green manure were higher than corn cleaning. For alfalfa, the treatment of corn- alfalfa 1:1 was the most favorable treatment to improve corn yield.Intercropping green manure could improve economic efficiency of growing areas significantly. Compared with the single species of corn, the production value per hectare increased by 517.6 ~ 1053.9 yuan, Increased by 6.4% ~ 13.9%, the highest efficiency is the mode of corn- alfalfa 2:1, which Compared with the kinds of single species of corn, production income per hectare was 1053.9 yuan, Increased by 13.9%, was the best cultivation mode ; economic benefits of corn- alfalfa was better than corn-sweet clover.