| Asarum heterotropoieds was an important herbal medicine in northeast region, methyl eugenol as its main active ingredient was found in roots and rhizomes, and the accumalation of the active ingredient was effected by the development and differentiation status of buds . The systemic study of characteristics and differentiation of buds, megasporogenesis and microsporogenesis, the development of male and female gametophytes et al. were used by the tecnologies of wild field survey, anatomical lens, optical microscope and scanning elecctronical microscope.The results were as followed.1.Buds were divided into three types ,which was plumule( with no euphylla), leaf bud ( with one euphylla) as well as mixed bud (mostly with two euphyllas) according to the number of euphylla in buds.2.The flower bud differentiation started from the end of June to the beginning of August, which was taked one month and belonged to summer-autumn differentiation.The whole process of differentiation was divided into five stages ,which was undifferentiated period, initial differentiated period, perianth primordium differentiated period,stamen primordium differentiated period and carpel primordium differentiated period.3.The declining of the content of ABA played an inhibition effect and the growing of the content of GA and IAA played a promotion effect during the procession of the flower bud differentiation. The reducing of the value of ABA / IAA and ABA / GA were not conducive to flower bud differentiation.4.There were 12 stamens, arrayed at interval in superior and lower whorl with each 6 stamens. Microspore mother cells meiosis was conformed to simultaneous type with mostly tetrahedral and decussate tetrad. The development of the anther wall belonged to basic type.The tapetum was glandular, and a mass of ubisch body granules were found on its inner surface in the process of pollen grain development.The mature pollen grain was bicellular type and in the shape of ablate sphere with unconspicuous aperture.The surface of ektexine was composed of reticulate pattern with strumae.5.There were 6 Pistils, 6 carpels , 6 locules, axile placenta, the stigma of chicken coronavirus, hollow style, ovule was born in the carpel ventral line, which was bitegminous, crassinucellate and obvious micropyle anatropous ovule.The developmental type of embryo sac was polygonum-type, the structure of hypostase preserved until the seed was mature.6.Fruits were ripe in the middle and last ten days in June and the concave side of the matureseed coat was covered with black sticky subordinate.At this time within the seed embryo was not fully differentiated and it developed to the original embryo stage.The development of endosperm belonged to the nuclear type, In later 50 days after sowing seeds , the embryo developed through globular, heart-shaped embryo, torpedo embryo to a mature embryo with complete cotyledons.7.300ppm gibberellic acid (GA) could significantly improve the ratio of seed germination and make hypocotyl to break through the seed coat before 8 days, while cytokinin (6-BA)′s action was not obvious.Using 6-BA combination with GA effected in general. Cotyledons by GA and 4℃co-treated unearthed on the 87th day after sowing seeds .And cotyledons by no-treated had not unearthed. |
