| With the development of intensive research on aconite daughter root (the processed daughter root of Aconitum carmichaelii), there is increasing demands for it. On the contrary, the market share of Jiangyou aconite daughter root is shrinking. Therefore, how to take effective measures to improve the yield and quality of aconite daughter root is imminent. Spraying of micronutrient fertilizer to adjust the crop growth in agricultural production practices have been used widely and have achieved good results in some areas as well. However, the micronutrient fertilizer production process of medicinal plants is rarely applied, and its impact on the growth of aconite daughter root has not been reported so far. We study the effects of different ratio of micronutrient fertilizer on aconite daughter root by field experiment with the uniform design, and measure the agronomic characters, the dry matter accumulation and the photosynthetic to explore the effects of Fe, Zn, B, Mn fertilizer on the yield and quality of aconite daughter root. The main conclusions are as follows:1. Effects of micronutrient fertilizer application on the growth of aconite daughter root.Different ratio of Zn, B, Fe, Mn fertilizer application has various affects on the growth of aconite daughter root. The stem diameter, the number of the fibrous roots, the length of fibrous roots, and the volume of the sub-root were lower than those of the control treatment when the fertilizer Zn-B-Fe-Mn was 1:2:4:4. Under the ratio of 2:8:2:3 of fertilizer Zn-B-Fe-Mn, the yield of per plant, the dry weight of stem and the mother root were slightly higher than those of the control treatment. The plant height, the stem diameter, the number of fibrous roots and the accumulation of the other organs were less than those of the control treatment when the fertilizer Zn-B-Fe-Mn was 8:4:8:1. The optimum ratio of fertilizer Zn-B-Fe-Mn was 4:1:1:2, under this ratio, the size of the tuber, the number of the fibrous roots, the length of fibrous roots, the volume of the sub-root, the dry weight of the tuber, the fibrous roots, and the mother root were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those of the other fertilizer ratio, with a rise of 24.5% of the weight of fibrous roots and 25.9% of the mother roots respectively compared with those of the control treatment, while the plant height and the dry weight of leaf were lower than those of the control treatment.The results also showed that there was negative correlation between the plant height and the yield of per plant, while both the dry weight of the fibrous roots and the mother roots had significantly positive correlation with the yield of per plant.2. Effects of micronutrient fertilizer application on the photosynthetic of aconite daughter root.The Fv/Fm of aconite daughter root decreased in its late growth stage when the fertilizer Zn-B-Fe-Mn was 1:2:4:4 and 8:4:8:1. When the fertilizer Zn-B-Fe-Mn was 4:1:1:2, the Fv'/Fm', the qP, the ETR and the photosynthetic rate were significantly higher than those of the treatment of which the fertilizer ratio was 1:2:4:4. Meanwhile, it was benefit for the synthesis of the chlorophyll of aconite daughter root when the fertilizer Zn-B-Fe-Mn was 4:1:1:2, and it could also effectively adjust the size of stomata aperture to obtain more CO2, increase the transpiration rate, absorb more inorganic nutrients and promote the photosynthetic rate of the aconite daughter root with less water loss as well.3. Effects of micronutrient fertilizer application on the yield of aconite daughter root.High concentration ratio of Fe, Zn fertilizer increased the proportion of the first daughter root, but it inhibited the growth of other vegetative organs and the number of roots was less than the other treatments. Therefore, it was not conducive to the formation of production. With fewer daughter roots, more third daughter roots and low yield, high concentration of Mn was not conducive to the growth of underground of aconite daughter root, while low concentration of B was more beneficial for the yield of aconite daughter root. When the fertilizer Zn-B-Fe-Mn was 4:1:1:2, the effective number of trees were more moderate, and it could promote the number of daughter root and increase the volume of daughter root, of which the appearance quality was better. Meanwhile, this fertilizer ratio could promote the growth of vegetative organ of aconite daughter root and the accumulation of dry matters, arriving at the yield of 10754.7 kg-hm"2, increasing by 14.9% compared with the control. 4. Effects of micronutrient fertilizer application on the quality of aconite daughter root.The content of polysaccharide, the aspartic acid, the serine, the glycine, the proline were significantly higher than the other treatments when the fertilizer Zn-B-Fe-Mn was 4:1:1:2 and the content of aspartic acid was significantly higher than the control treatment when the fertilizer Zn-B-Fe-Mn was 1:2:4:4. Consequently, the two treatments could increase the content of amino acid of the aconite daughter root. The content of Cu, Zn, Ca, K of the aconite daughter root were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those of the other fertilizer ratio. Micronutrient fertilizer application did not have a significant impact on the alkaloids of aconite daughter root. However, the total alkaloids of all micronutrient fertilizer application were increased compared with the control, in which the content of total alkaloid increased 13.9% compared with the control when the fertilizer Zn-B-Fe-Mn was 4:1:1:2. That is to say, this treatment could improve the content of total alkaloid of aconite daughter root. |
