PCR-DGGE Technique Based Mud Volcano In Xinjiang Diversity Of Soil Fungi

Mud volcanoes, which are the largest in Xinjiang of Asia, have special geological structure, abominable climatic environment and also coal mines and oil fields around there. It is the ideal place toresearch the extreme microbial resources and the research interests to look for available microbes of industry. To define the fungal diversity and rules, we investigated the diversity of soil fungi on Wusu mud volcano. This study used DNA fingerprinting techniques combined with traditional training methods, explained mud volcanic soil fungal community structure and dynamics of change, and its relationship with the environment. To explore the available microbial resources of Mud volcano on the extreme environments and so as to lay foundation for the advanced research, Moreover, it is the most valuable research materials for the development of extreme microbial resources.The culturable fungal were identified by conventional methords combined with ITS sequence analysis. A total of 13 genera and 10 species were isolated from the genus known, 24 strains of fungi. Only several alkalophilic bacteria were found,, one was acidophilus bacteria (NO.3) and it was determined to be a single new species of the Ulocladium.2 were Ascomycota,3 were the Zygomycetes, the rest were the Duteromycota. The isolated frequency of Alternaria tenuissima. Spp. in Duteromycota and Lichtheimia ramosa.sp in Zygomycetes were the highest, they distributed throughout the soil; followed were the Aspergillus.sp in Ascomycota. No Chytridiomycota and Basidiomycota were isolated from.Used PCR-DGGE fingerprinting techniques to electrophoresis separate 18SrDNA samples in different seasons and different depths when in non-cultured experimental stage, The map was cluster analyzed by Quantity one software, the major bands were recovered and sequenced. The results show that the mud volcano poor environment conditions unsuitable the large population of fungi, but its spread were still more obvious diversity of flora and its predominant microflora were Lichtheimia ramosa.sp and Alternaria tenuissima. Spp.The fungi diversity was the richest in May, it was hardly no seasons change in different depths of soil and different eruption; but the fungi components were significant different in the same depth, the same vents and in different seasons, the number and types of fungi were changed with climate change, so the mud volcano fungi were affected by environmental climate, but little with the dominant strain.We found that the nutrition condition was more closed to the natural environment by adding few soil extract and water from collected sample sites in the course of the study,and combining variety of separation methords were more useful for separating the fungi from special habitats, then it could obtain the culturable fungal from mud volcanoes as objective and comprehensive as possible. Studying on the physicochemical properties and environmental analysis of spread materials in mud volcanoes, we found that few number of mud volcano microbial could live at low temperature as well as strong alkali conditions in the entire year, and the lower soil enzyme activities and mineral elements, it is unsuitable for Fungi propagate numerously in the poor nourishment and high salt and alkali conditions.The diversity of fungi was low in the mud volcano. The result improved the understanding of the effect of soil microorganism from extreme environments in mud volcano and will be more conducive to obtaining diversity and function-specific fungal resources from the particular habitat,and discoveried the new species. Establish classification extremophiles system in mud volcano and enrich extreme microbial resources in China.