| The narrower genetic background has become the first constraint factor in maize breeding, especially the lack of early maturing germplasm. The introduction and utilization of exotic germplasm is an important solution for broadening the genetic basic of early maturing maize. It is the precondition to make use of exotic germplasm, that the genetic control and heterosis crossing with local germplasm of exotic germplasm should be understand this is importance to enhance breeding efficiency. Therefore, this experiment used 61 derived lines from Canada early corn populations which introduct from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and 7 early inbred lines in Heilongjiang province for the test. The head smut and the leaf blight disease resistance of 61 derived lines with excellent agronomic traits derived from Canada early maize populations were evaluated under the artificial inoculation in Heilongjiang. At the same time the ability and the heterosis of the hybrid combinations were analysed using NCⅡdesign in Heilongjiang, the result had important theoretical and practical value in early maize area of Heilongjiang province and in China to effective using. The main results are as follows:(1) Evaluation of agronomic traits show that maturity of 61 derived lines ranged from 103 to 112 days, all 61 derived lines belong to the very early material. Taken together, the inbred lines EP2-5, EP9-3, EP17-4, EP17-12 and EP17-7 had excellent performance of yield and yield components, which could priority utilized in breeding.(2)Head smut inoculation results showed that 3 derived lines performance high resistance in 61 lines derived from Canada populations, accounting for 4.9% of the tested materials; 18 selected lines performance disease-resistance, accounting for 29.5% of the tested materials; 31 selected lines performance medium resistance, accounting for 50.8% of the tested materials; 9 selected lines performance suscept, accounting for 14.8% of the tested materials. The overall tested materials performance better resistance, 85.2% were resistant materials without high suscepTab. material in all testing materials. Leaf blight inoculation results showed that 6 selected lines performance high suscept in 61 Canada maize populations, accounting for 9.8% of the tested materials; 28 selected lines performance suscept, accounting for 45.9% of the tested materials; 8 selected lines performance disease-resistance, accounting for 13.1% of the tested materials; 19 selected lines performance medium resistance, accounting for 31.2% of the tested materials without high resistance line in all tested materials.(3)General combining ability analysis between early maize inbred lines in Heilongjiang and 61 derived lines from Canada maize populations showed that there are 7 selected lines performed better in general combining ability, they were EP9-3, EP13-1,EP14-5, EP15-3, EP17-4, EP17-11, EP17-13. The 7 derived lines from Canada maize populations associated with the production performed well GCA effects in the two environments, which could used as parents for higher yield breeding. Yield per plant specific combining ability top 10 were EP17-15×K10, EP17-13×K10, EP16-5×KL298, EP17-7×Dian11A, EP10-1×Dong46, EP17-11×He344, EP17-3×Dian11A, EP17-11×K10, EP12-1×KF53, EP17-5×K10, EP15-1 -1-1×KL298.(4) Based on special combining ability of yield per plant of 61 divided lines from Canada maize populations, 61 divided lines from Canada maize populations devided into 7 groups, 10 divided lines from Canada maize populations close genetic relationship with K10, 5 populations close genetic relationship with KF53, 10 populations close genetic relationship with KL298, 10 divided lines from Canada maize populations close genetic relationship with Dian11A, 10 divided lines from Canada maize populations close genetic relationship with Dong46, 10 divided lines from Canada maize populations close genetic relationship with He344, 5 divided lines from Canada maize populations close genetic relationship with JingQi.(5)In the yield per plant control test, there are 31 of 161 combinations with yield more than Demeiya1, accounting for 19.3%, there are 92 of 266 combinations with yield more than Suiyu7, accounting for 34.6%. The top ten yield per plant hybrid combinations were K10×EP17-13, He344×EP17-11, K10×EP17-11, K10×EP17-15, He344×EP17-13, K10×EP17-5, K10×EP25-1, KL298×EP9-3, Dian11A×EP17-7, K10×EP9-3, yield increase 44.94%,44.7%,44.61%,41.13%, 33.92%,33.14%,32.57%,31.17%,29.11%,28.68% respectively compare with CK.these combinations have a higher yield potential 427 Hybrid combination yield per plant control advantages. The main groups involved EP17 and EP9.(6) In this study, the Canada maize populations had strong heterosis between with Reid groups, Utilization of heterosis parrern are mainly K10×EP17-13, K10×EP17-11, K10×EP17-15, K10×EP17-5, K10×EP25-1, K10×EP9-3. |
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