Determination Of Digestive Energy And Amino Acid Ileal Digestibility Of Different Sources Rapeseed Cakes/Meals In Growing Pig

Three trials were conducted to measure the chemical characteristics, digestive energy (DE) and amino acid (AA) ileal digestibility coefficients of nine different rapeseed cakes/meals samples in growing pig. Another purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of various processing technology on nutritive value of different rapeseed cakes/meals.Exp.1 Chemical characteristics of different rapeseed cakes/mealsNine different rapeseed cakes/meals samples were collected from three mian provinces producing rapeseeds in china. The three provinces are Sichuan, Hubei and Hunan province. Additionally, collected rapeseed samples were four rapeseed cakes (RSC) produced by high temperature press and five rapeseed meals (RSM) produced by prepress-solvent extraction. The concentrations of proximate nutrients, isothiocyanate (ITC), oxazolidine (OZT) and AA were measured to study the chemical characteristics and its influencing factors of different rapeseed cakes/meals. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in proximate nutrients among different rapeseed cakes/meals except ether extract (EE) and protein solubility (PS). Different processing technology had no significant effect on the contect of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ash, Ca, Total P and organics matter (OM) (P>0.05), similar results found in ITC and OZT. RSC was, however, greater in EE (P<0.05) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content (P<0.01) and lower in PS (P<0.01) compared with RSM. Furthermore, With the exceptiong of Met and Cys, the content of all others AA in RSC were lower than those of RSM (P>0.05), especially for Lys (P<0.01).Exp.2 Determination of digestive energy and nutrients digestive of different rapeseed cakes/meals in growing pigThis study was conducted to determine the nutrients digestive and DE of nine different rapeseed cakes/meals samples in growing pig. A total of 12 DLY barrows (similar health condition, average initial body weight 46.37±1.53 kg) were allotted to three 4×4 Latin square design, one basal diet and three experimental diets were included every Latin square design. The diets were a basal corn-soybean-based diet or the basal diet replaced by 15% different rapeseed cakes/meals. The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients in basal diet and experimental diets were investigated by the total fece collection method. The basal diet was used for determining the ATTD of nutrients in different rapeseed cakes/meals by the difference method. The results showed that the ATTD of crude fiber (CF), acidic detergent fiber (ADF), Ca and Total P in different rapeseed cakes/meals were similar (P>0.05). Nonetheless, the ATTD of DM, OM and CP were difference significantly among different rapeseed cakes/meals (P<0.01). Compared with RSC, however, the ATTD of DM, OM, gross energy (GE), CP, NDF and ADF were increased significantly in RSM (P<0.01). The average DE contents were 11.96 and 12.75 MJ/kg (DM basis) in RSC and RSM respectively. Different processing technology had no significant effect on the contents of DE in rapeseed cakes and meals (P>0.05).Exp.3 Determination of ileal amino acid digestibility of different rapeseed cakes/meals in growing pigThis experiment was conducted to determine the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of eight different rapeseed cakes/meals samples (with the exception of sample 4) in growing pig. A total of 12 DLY barrows (similar health condition, average initial body weight 33.21±1.56 kg) were surgically equipped with a T-cannula in the distal ileum and arranged in an 6×6 Latin square design with six diets and six periods. One N-free diet and one basal diet and four experimental diets were included every Latin square design. The CP level of All experimental diets with the exception of N-free diet were 14%. The basal diet was a corn-soybean-based diet. The other experimental diets were a corn-soybean-cornstarch-based diet with different rapeseed cakes/meals replaced 40% CP of basal diet. Each period consisted of a 5-d diet adaptation and a 2-d digesta collection. The AID of CP and AA in basal diet and experimental diets were determined by indicator method. The basal diet was used for determining the AID of CP and AA in different rapeseed cakes/meals by the difference method. A N-free diet was used to measuring the basal ileal endogenous losses (IAAend) of CP and AA. By correcting the AID for IAAend, the SID for CP and AA in different rapeseed cakes/meals were calculated. The results as follows:there had a siginificant difference for the AID or SID of all AA except Met in different rapeseed cakes/meals (P<0.05). The AID of Lys, Met, Thr and Trp ranging from 41.73-60.19%, from 69.35-76.90%, from 50.72-61.37% and from 52.49-68.14%, respectively; the SID of Lys, Met, Thr and Trp ranging from 48.65-66.14%, from 73.85-81.15%, from 57.42-67.67% and from 57.10-73.04%, respectively. Compared with RSC, the AID or SID of mostly AA in RSM increased significantly (P<0.01).In conclusion, the ATTD of mian nutrients and AID/SID of mostly AA in RSM were higher than those of RSC. The nutrient values in RSM were better than those of RSC.