| Soil and water are chief elements of natural environment, there exists strong tie between the two. Just because of this, soil information and water information have an inseparable relationship, involving multi-type data fusion, development and mining of related knowledge. The waste of soil and water resources as well as environment problem get worse at present, the methods of protecting cultivated land, developing agriculture of high-efficiency and water-saving, applying water-saving irrigation technologies, increasing the utilization rate of soil and water resource are needed for alleviating the shortage of soil and water resource, as well as achieving sustainable agriculture. As a result, it's an important part to get the soil information exactly for intelligent use of water resources, not only from agriculture angle but also from environment.Sandy middle-and-low-yiedling soil in Henan Province which is important for agricultural industry and protection of water resource is selected as a case. The spatial database was established based on the 1:50000 topographic map, administrative map and soil map from the second national soil survey in the 10 selected counties, samplings were set up and then gathered with the help of GIS and GPS,616 samplings were collected serving as source of attribute data, the soil database was built and the soil quality were analyzed and accessed by ArcGIS9.2. The research conclusions are as following:1. The combination of spatial distribution patterns and the variation features were analyzed and explored along with compilation of the digital space distribution map. The original soil map was amended and perfected in GIS interface based on actual soil type diagnosis. The administrative map was revised according to the latest version and related information. The soil features of typical counties Yanjin and Tongxu had obvious spatial variability. In the whole study area, more than 60% area was occupied with sandy and sandy loam soil.2. The diagnostic standard of barriers in sandy moise soil was established, based on revealing soil genesis and the influence factors including natural and man-made. The author rated the barriers in different region and set up quantified evaluation index system. The soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, cation exchange capacity, pH and soil bulk density served as soil property evaluation indicators. The soils of the study area were divided into four types in light of soil profile configuration pattern as loamy-clay, loamy-loamy, loamy-sandy and sandy-sandy profile types. The result showed that few of the indicators belongs to grade one,especially CEC and pH only grade three in surface soil, and in depth, all of the indicators concentrated in surface, decreased with the depth increasing and then remained stable around 40cm. CEC, soil bulk density and pH grade three from 0-140cm except loamy-clay soil.3. The current soil productive status and the reason why the soil was less productive in the area were also stated. Soil fertility quality was assessed according to the evaluation index system and we found that the soils of first class were mainly in Tongxu country, the comprehensive evaluation index of the whole study area was 0.10-0.66 in which more than 80% is ranked below 0.5 so the soil fertility was in generally poor. There shoud existed close relationship between soil fertility and soil profile configuration pattern, the soil profile loamy-clay was always at higer level soil fertility, followed by loamy-loamy, loamy-sandy and sandy-sandy. So, there exist several factors resulting in the low yielding soils such as the deserting of the soil, low content of soil clay, bad profile configuration, poor soil bulk density and slightly calcareous. Soils in this area needed to be improved by adding organic fertilizer, improving water conditions and crop rotation system which have been put forward as some measures to improve and manage the soil. |
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