Study On Incompatible Factor And Breeding Of Auricularia Auricular

Auricularia auricular[(L.ex Hook.) Underw] is a kind of typical mushroom whose fruiting body is jellylike in consistency. The texture is soft and elastic. It tastes delicious,nutritious and can live on the dead oak, elm, mulberry, locust and so on.China is the first country to cultivate this kind mushroom, and has abundant of germplasm resources. A large amount of it are produced and consumed. This experiment was carried out to analysis the organization of incompatible factor by examining the existence of clamp connection or not. In order to lay the foundation of genetic breeding research and supply good hybrid strain and method, the hybridization of monokaryon to monokaryon was used to select hybrid strain that has the potential of high yield, good property and strong resistance. The result are showed below:(1) Incompatibility factor constitutionThe 22 monokaryon trains from "dan pian 5" was confirmed by the existence of clamp connection or not screening by microscope and fluorescent microscope. It shows that the wood ear mating type system is compost of factor A and B, the numbers of 4 kinds mating type monokaryon is in accordance to the law of segregation of 1:1:1:1 by linkage analysis and chi square. The identification of hybrid(2) Parent appraisal and choiceThe mycelium growing speed, the growth Stages, and commercial identification are investigate and compared among the 35 parents of Auricularia auricular, and some of them that behaved excellent were selected. The results are:"zhong nong huang tian ju hua",the growth period is shorter; "zhe er 1 hao", the mycelium growth are faster at 40℃, the mushroom shapes like unfolding chrysanthemum pattern; "yan te 3 hao", the shape of the fruit body are tufted; "97-4", the mycelium growth are faster at 40℃, the mushroom shapes like compact chrysanthemum pattern; "dong Al", the fruit body are in the shape of tufty, and yielded 7.12kg fruit body of 1kg net compost. " Hai Ian yi hao", the fruit body are in the shape of tufty; "xi er 987", the mycelium grow faster at 5℃, the mushroom shapes unfolding chrysanthemum pattern.(3) identification of hybridA set of scientific method was set up aiming at the difficulties of the identification of monokaryon strain, dikaryon strain and hybrid strain. Incubation of parent fruit body, spore separation of monospore, identification of monokaryon mycelia(screening by optical microscope and dual fluorescence microscope), the arrangement of hybridized combination, identification of hybrid(test by antagonistic effect and esterase isozyme), screening of hybridized strain, (trait of fine mycelia, fruit body formation, planting test)(4) breeding of new varieties 1 excellent hybrid strain designated "yuanza 21" was picked out according to the growth rate, growth stages, and commercial properties by junior and senior production test. The yield of it is 7.5 Kg per 100 Kg compost which is 8% higher than its parents A4 and A5 ("zhong nong huang tian ju hua" and"xi er 987"). The excellent strain of "yuanza 21" has the potential for commercial exploitation.