| With the increasing tension of the global traditional energy sources such as oil, coal, solar energy as a renewable and clean energy, the attention of government and research institutions around the world on solar energy utilization is gradually increasing. In recent years, in response to trends in world architecture-building energy efficiency, solar building integration has become the research focus on the development of building energy efficiency and solar utilization area, and the technology of building integrated photovoltaic and thermal (BIPVT) is a new technology development way of solar building integration. BIPVT not only can provide electricity and heat for the building, but also can improve solar conversion efficiency, as well as reduce the hot and cold load of building retaining structures. BIPVT has opened up a new use direction of solar energy, at the same time, found a new energy path for building energy efficiency. At present, the research of BIPVT mainly focuses on the structure and performance of PVT, but, detailed research on PVT's performance test are very few, as well as the thermal performance of PVT remained to be improved, and it needs a new and effective PVT to combine building.This paper presents a new layer of PVT structure filled with graphite material which has high thermal conductivity, designed and processed the PVT board filled with graphite, carried out the basic research on relevant theory and thermal performance test, set up the test rig for the study of photovoltaic and thermal performances of PVT system, designed the test methods of the system's photovoltaic and thermal performances, and completed the related tests of photovoltaic and thermal performances.Test results show that, the graphite-filled PVT designed and processed which is proposed in this paper, can reduce the PV modules' operating temperature and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency, as well as increase the output power. While PVT systems provide electricity, at the same time, can output low heat energy, and its general energy efficiency of a day maintains 40% or more. During the test period, the author proposed a new way to test the photovoltaic properties of PV module or PVT component, and described it in the Chapter 3 for detail, which would provide application references for the relevant experimental design in future.In addition, this article using TRNSYS software established the simulation system for a typical residential air conditioning system, and made the dynamic changes of simulation for hot and cold building load, and compared with in the building load after the PVT component lay on the external structure of the residence, as well as analyzed building hot and cold load effect of PVT component in building integrated photovoltaic/thermal. According to simulation results, in the summer, the energy saving effect of PVT component laying on the south wall is most significant. Compared with the south wall without PVT components, air conditioning cooling load could reduce over 53%. Roof cooling load of PVT components laying on roof could reduce about 35% than no PVT laying on roof. In the winter, PVT laying on roof would be effective in reducing heat load, and the effect is most evident. Contrasted roof without PVT, heat load could reduce about 56%. However, if the PVT laying on the south wall, it could reduce the heat load of about 38%. |
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