Study On Preparing, Utilitying And Affecting On Soil Of Bamboo-vinegar-based Deicer

In winter, snowing and icing weather have the potential of danger for the traffic and people, sometimes it will bring enormous economic loss, so shifting snow and ice become important. Cleaning snow by manpower and mechanical is inefficient and need to consume a lot of resources. So deicers with high efficiency, saving time and manpower merge as the times require, such as NaCl, CaCl2. But extensively using schloride-oriented snow-melting agents corrodes infrastructure construction, such as boad, bridge, metal and concrete, causes the death of green plants, the reduction of agricultural output, affects the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and pollutes air and water. Non-chloride snow-melting agents have less damage to the environment, but they are expensive, so there are difficulties in their utilization widely.In view of the shortcomings of chloride-oriented and non-chloride snow-melting agents. In this paper, environmental snow-melting agent, the calcium organic acid (below it is called CaOA) was developed by using bamboo vinegar coming from bamboo-charcoal production process to reactwith CaO. Its deicing performance, corrosiveness to metal and concrete, effect on fragrant thoroughwort growth and physical and chemical properties of the soil were studied by comparing with usual deicers such as NaCl, CaCl2. The experimental results show that:(1)Bamboo vinegar coming from bamboo-charcoal production process is snuffcolored. After stewing, filting and distillating, delicate bamboo vinegar with pH 2.5-3 is acquired.(2)1000 ml bamboo vinegar after treated reacting with excess of CaO (5%) can get CaOA 46.34 g.(3)Icing temperature of CaOA is lower than that of NaCl and CaCl2 In the condition of same mole concentration, the temperature of 0.05 mol/L and 0.1 mol/L CaOA solution losing deicing effect is lower 1.0℃,0.7℃and 1.3℃,0.8℃than that of NaCl and CaCl2 solution respectively. In the condition of same mass concentration, the temperature of 3 g/L and 6 g/L CaOA solution losing deicing effect is lower 0.7℃,0.3℃and 0.9℃,0.5℃than that of NaCl and CaCl2.(4) In the condition of same moles of deicer, deicing speed of 0.025 mol and 0.05 mol of CaOA, NaCl and CaCl2in 4 hours is 21.85 ml/h,21.25 ml/h,21.75 ml/h and 24.55 ml/h, 24.13 ml/h,24.48 ml/h respectively, the deicing performance of CaOA is better than NaCl and CaCl2. Deicing rate of 3 gram and 6 gram of CaOA, NaCl and CaCl2 in 4 hours is 15.88 ml/h,21.30 ml/h,20.13 ml/h and 20.55 ml/h,24.63 ml/h,23.90 ml/h respectively, the deicing performance of CaOA is less than NaCl and CaCl2.(5) In the condition of same concentration of salt solution, the corrosive rate of 0.1 mol/L CaOA solution to iron and steel is 0.31,0.32 and 0.12,0.21 times as NaCl and CaCl2 respectively, and that of 0.3 mol/L CaOA solution to iron and steel is 0.15,0.18 and 0.07, 0.13 times as NaCl and CaCl2 respectively, and that of 24 g/L CaOA solution to iron and steel is 0.20,0.23 and 0.11,0.18 times as NaCl and CaCl2 respectively, and that of 40 g/L CaOA solution to iron and steel is 0.17,0.19 and 0.08,0.09 times as NaCl and CaCl2 respectively. The experimental results indicate that all the three kinds of snow-melting agent corrode iron and steel, and the corrosion to iron is more serious than that to steel. The order of corrosive rate from big to small is CaOA< CaCl2< NaCl.(6)The freezing and thawing cycle frequency of concrete soaked in 25 g/L and 50 g/L CaOA solution respectively is 22,16 and 9,7 times respectively more than that of NaCl and CaCl2 solution with same concentration. The corrosive order of the three kinds of salt solutions to concrete is CaOA< CaCl2< NaCl.(7) All the 3 kinds of salt solution had certain influence on fragrant thoroughwort growth, while CaOA solution had less effect on fragrant thoroughwort than NaCl and CaCl2 solutios. And both of NaCl and CaCl2 solution had little effect on the pH of soil while CaOA solution increased greatly the pH of soil. And the organic matter and cation exchange capacity of soil reduced, the rate of decline to organic matter is CaOA< CaCl2< NaCl, and the rate of decline to cation exchange capacity is CaCl2> CaOA> NaCl. The content of total N, P in soil also reduced, the order of decline rate from big to small is CaOA< CaCl2< NaCl, while the content of Total K in soil increased after the soil was watered by the salt solutions, the order of growth rate from big to small is CaOA< CaCl2< NaCl. By above comparison, the effect of CaOA on fragrant thoroughwort growth and soil were less than NaCl and CaCl2 solution.