Research Of Approach Method And Relative Orbit Determination For Geosynchronous Orbit Target

Geosynchronous Orbit is a especially important sort of orbits through which humans exploit and utilize space resource, is very rare orbit resource. Spacecrafts on Geosynchronous Orbits take an very important effort on communication, navigation, presentiment , weather and military, etc. Due to the number of spacecrafts on Geosynchronous Orbits is increasing year by year, and spacecrafts'function can't be insteaded , Geosynchronous Orbit satellite became key object of on-orbit servicing.On-orbit servicing technology system is very huge, approach method and relative orbit determination was researched in this dissertation. Orbit design method and the way to approach Geosynchronous Orbit was discussed, real-time prediction system which is used to attain relative orbit determination was designed. The main work and achievements in this dissertation are summarized as follows:Firstly, the method of maneuver spacecraft attaining approach Geosynchronous Orbit target was studied. Aiming at Inclined Geosynchronous Orbits , maneuver spacecraft aviated on a circular orbit with inclination 0°and approached target at ascending node or descending node.Making minimum energy as optimal objective and mission cycle as restriction, optimal path was researched.Secondly, the service range of maneuver spacecraft was analysed. The relationship of parking orbit design and energy requirement was analysised, optimal function was simplified, energy distribution was studied under different mission cycle.Then, quickly achieving relative orbit determination of space non-cooperative target is studied. state transition matrix for relative motion of arbitrary orbit and highly precise measurement of absolute orientation observation were established. A novel relative navigation algorithm is proposed which unites batch processing method and sequential processing method.Finally, the influence of factors on estimating values was analysised. The influence of the number of measure data and iterative times to initial values estimation system was analysised. At the same time, the influence of sampling strategy and measure precision to real-time estimation system was analysised. The conclusions were useful to project application.Approach and relative orbit determination of Geosynchronous Orbit target is precondition of on-orbit servicing, the work in this dissertation was useful to on-orbit servicing of Geosynchronous Orbit target.