Simulation Of Subway Station Emergence Evacuation

Emergence evacuation of Subway station staffs directly related to the safety of personnel, how to prevent and reduce casualties, especially the Group of death accidents, has not only become a hot research field of security at home and abroad, but also an important part of Metro Design. Emergence evacuation of Subway station staff refers to evacuate people to the safe areas safely in a time span in which did not cause danger to the safety of staff when an emergency has occurred.This article, based on studies at home and abroad, using computer simulation approach to study the emergency evacuation of subway station staff. This article introduced the domestic and international research on emergence evacuation of staff in the buildings, and summarizes the trends and characteristics of domestic and international research. then analyzed the main factors of emergency evacuation and some basic theories, summarized the characteristics of the layout of metro station buildings and the codes and standards of subway's safety design in both China and the U.S; In comparison with the current simulation model being used, based on the behavioral characteristics of emergency evacuation, use microscopic discrete simulation technique to establish this simulation model, within considering premise that is the most attractive target probability and the individual competition. Finally, based on the model developed the MESIM simulation system. This simulation system took the north ticket office of Xizhimen metro station before and after transformation for the research background, analyzed the designs of the different entrances and exits, personnel rational level, the degree of familiarity with the environment, and the personnel competitive impact on emergence evacuation time.The results of simulation show that:(1) Changing the original square structure of import and export of Xizhimen North ticket office to a wedge-shaped structure can effectively improve the evacuation efficiency and reduce evacuation time, the crowd can go through the bottleneck more smoothly;(2) The motivation of evacuated group which have low rational judging ability and low familiarity with environmental are low, and the group tend to follow the masses to move, the motivation of evacuated group which have high rational judging ability and high familiarity with environmental are high, and the group tend to select a the nearest exit or the familiar exit;(3) Comparing to other group, the group which have high competitiveness can be more quick in the evacuation, the low competitiveness of the crowd are disadvantaged in the evacuation and delay the evacuation of the entire group.