The Study Of Heavy Metals, Pahs Particle Size Distribution And DNA Damage Methods In Inhalable Particulate Matter

As the study of particulate matter goes further, people recognize that inhalableparticles (particulate matter of diameter less than10μm) is one kind of the particulatematters that can do greatest harm to the environment and human health. Theparticulate matter pollution in our country is serious, and the inhalable particles hadbecome the first air pollutants affecting the air quality. The pollution state ofatmospheric particulate matter in Urumqi city has been quite serious.Flame/graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) and atomicfluorescence spectrometry (AFS) from July2009to April2010, the sampling pointscollected in Xinjiang University, PM2.5-10and PM2.5seven heavy metals in thesamples, the concentration of heavy metals and heavy metal pollution levels wereevaluated. That: an analysis of PM2.5-10and PM2.5in7kinds of metal elementconcentrations in descending order of Cr> Pb> Mn> Cu> Ni> As> Hg; According tothe results of mull indexes evaluating, the mull indexes of Mn was Igeo≤1indicateduncontaminated and Cu, was3≤Igeo≤4indicated heavily contaminated, Cr, Ni, As wasindicates heavily to extremely contaminated, Pb, Hg was Igeo≥5extremelycontaminated. Fe was selected as the reference element to calculate the heavy metalenrichment factors (EFs), which in turn further validates the source identification.Naturally derived Mn show the lowest enrichment relative to the background values.Nevertheless, anthropogenically enhanced Pb and Hg show maximum enrichments.Therefore, EFs give an insight of the level of human influence on atmosphericdustfalls.Using gas chromatography (GC-MS) analysis of the sampling points collectedfrom September2010and March2011, in Xinjiang University, the atmosphere ofPM2.5-10and PM2.5. Fifteen kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the sample,the concentration of PAHs, and PAHs pollution sources were resolved. Analysisshowed that: Total PAHs of PM2.5and PM2.5-10ranged from0.11to1058.23ng.m^-3and 0.01to90.89ng.m^-3. The average concentrations of PAHs in PM2.5and PM2.5-10atground level were10.90ng.m^-3and2.10ng.m^-3,54.11ng.m^-3and5.12ng.m^-3in autumnand winter. Total BaPeq equivalent average concentration (BaPeq) for PM2.5is5.97ng.m^-3, those samples Exceed the WHO recommended limit of1ng.m^-3. The useof diagnostic ratios PAHs source apportionment showed that the pollution in wintercomes mainlyfrom coal-fired emissions, the summer the main source of vehicle emissions. Theprincipal component analysis pointed out that in sources of PAHs in winter mainlycome from coal-fired emissions, in autumn mainly come from coal burning andvehicle emissions, and the result of the diagnostic ratios method is roughly the same.Plasmid DNA method of sampling points collected in Xinjiang University inDecember2011to March2012atmospheric respirable particulate matter (PM2.5)samples of DNA damage were discussed.The analysis showed that: evaluation inDecember2011and January2012, February, March TD30of the whole sample ofparticulate matter toxicity (causing30%of the dose required for DNA damage) theaverage of the average203μg.mL^-1,494μg.mL^-1,365μg.mL^-1,367μg.mL^-1andAnd water-soluble sample the TD30average of particulatematter toxicity were225μg.mL^-1,509μg.mL^-1,471μg.mL^-1,408μg.mL^-1; Contrast to water-soluble and theoverallon plasmid DNA results of the evaluation of particulate matter, water-solublecomponents in atmospheric particulate matter is the main source of its biologicalactivity.