Catalytic Pvrolvsis And Heterogeneous Catalytic Esteirifcation Of Triglyceride For Bio-Fuel

Bio-fuel prepared rfom biomass is reproductive and environmental-rfiendly. It could beused as alternative transportion ifiel without modification of present engines. Researches ofbio-fUel are of great importance to global energy security, dependence reduction of fossilenergy and protection of environment. This paper explores catalytic pyrolysis of tirglyceirde toproduce bio-fUels, focus on utilizition of new-type mesoporous catalyst and its catalyticcracking kinetics. Physical and chemical properties of pyrolysis products are also investigated.Combustion performance of the mixture of bio-ifiel and diesel is measured, which offersgroundwork in improving preparation proccess of bio-ifiel.Supported pyrolytic catalyst Na₂C0₃/Al₂O₃is synthesized via conventional excessive dippingmethod. Alumina as support is obtained rfom evaporation induced self-assembling (EISA) ofaluminum iso-propoxide with surfactant template. Both non-ionic and ionic surfactants areused. Synthetical aluminas employed ionic surfactant cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide haverelatively high surface areas (up to369m²/g) with small aperture (3-5nm). Non-ionic surfactantPluronic PI23leads to productions of relatively low surface area(up to277m²/g) with largeaperture (lOnm). Suitable calcination temperature of alumina precursor is600。C_InpregnationofNa₂C0₃results in uniform disperse.Thermogravimetric data of soybean oil with catalysts is analysed,and pyrolysis kinetics isstudied using iso-conventional methods. Vyazovkin method is applied in the calculation of aseries of activation energy vairng according to pyrolysis reaction degree. Coats-Redfernmethod is used to calculate the average activation energy of main reaction process and thepreexponential factor. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis indicate thecomplexity of the process of soybean oil catalytic pyrolysis reaction,while approximatelysimilar reaction mechanism could be obtained by using particular type of catalysts. Fory-alumina catalyst,increasement in catalyst surface area results in lower activation energy. For load type catalyst mesoporous Na₂C0₃/Al₂O₃? the reaction mechanism differs with the amountof Na₂C0₃loaded. When the load is low,mainly active catalytic center belongs to mesoporousalumina which provides acidic activity. When the load is high, then Na₂C0₃base catalysis ismore obvious, alumina is to provide larger contact area.Pyrolysis of soybean oil in a small pilot plant is performed and the pyrolysis products aremodified. Physical and chemical properties and as well as composition of the final product isdetermined. The main product is liquid, which is similar to diesel fuel composed of aliphatichydrocarbon-rich, also contains a cetrain amount of fatty acids. Liquid product is modifed byesteriifcation reaction and distillate split. Two kinds of rfactions are obtained, which have a lowacid value,higher heating value and better mobility, close to characteristics of diesel.Bio-fUel mixed with tranditional diesel is tested in the diesel engine bench, the speedcharacteirstic curve and the load characteirstics curves showed that the bio-fuel heat value isstill slightly lower than diesel,but can be added in diesel for the formal engine use.