The Effect Of Cyanuric Chloride And Its Derivatives On The Structure And Hydrolysis Of Microcrystalline Cellulose

Ethanol, which can be produced from hydrolysis of lignocellulose substance and the subsequent ferment of saccharides, has been recognized as a potential renewable source for biofuels. However, the heavy use of chemicals and the low efficiency of fermentable sugar in hydrolysis are two main obstacles in the conversion of cellulose-ethanol. The aim of this paper is to improve the yield of glucose by changing the crystal structure of microcrystalline cellulose based on chemical modification.New 1,3,5-triazine derivatives, which were 2-chloro-4,6-dianilino-1,3,5-triazine (DACT) and 4-(4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazinylamino)-benzenesulfonate sodium (ASACT), were synthesized from cyanuric chloride (TCT), with aniline and p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, respectively. The structure of DACT and ASACT were characterized by IR, 1H NMR spectra, GC-MS, LC-MS and EA. To study the influence of the introduction of TCT, DACT and ASACT on glucose's yield (Y) in acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were chemically modified with TCT, DACT and ASACT. The chemical and crystal structures of modified MCCs were analyzed by FT-IR and WAXD, respectively. Crystal index (CI), grain size (D) and the ratio (R) representing the amount of the (101), (101) relative to (002) were calculated based on WAXD.The hydrolysis process of microcrystalline cellulose and modified MCCs was under the conditions of 8 wt% sulfuric acid, 1:20 solid-liquid ratio and refluxing 5 h with N2 flow at the temperature of 373K. The result showed that Y, CI, D and R vary with the dosage of dressing agent. The modified MCC with 4.762 %mol TCT has the highest Y, the highest R and the lowest CI. The CI and D of DACT modified MCCs were increased first and then decreased with increasing the loading of DACT. Curve fitting showed that at the loading of 27.5 %mol and 24.6 %mol, the DACT modified MCC received the lowest CI and the highest D. Moreover, when the percentage of DACT was 25 %mol, the yield of the reducing sugar was the highest. Curve fitting showed that the dosage of ASACT was about 14.54 %mol,the glucose's yield was the highest. WAXD confirmed that at the dosage of 14.9 %mol, 11.4 %mol and 12.0 %mol, ASACT modified MCC achieved the lowest CI, the highest R and D, which was profit with the yield of glucose.The hydrolysis of TCT modified cellulose was compared with that of DACT and ASACT modified cellulose. Hydrolysis was found to increase with the increasing size of the molecule and the hydrophilic group modified to cellulose. The WAXD spectra confirmed that the improvement of glucose's yield was due to the change of the crystalline structure of cellulose result by chemical modification, which was profit for the hydrolysis of cellulose.