The The Microwave Real-time Monitoring System For Water Pollution Studies

At present, the microwave real-time monitoring system has advantages of broad monitoring range, fast speed and low cost, and easy to carry on the long-term dynamic monitoring and so on. It is a new effective technical mean to realize the macro, fast, continuous and dynamic monitoring of environmental pollutions. Real-time monitoring and detection for river pollutions in Fu Xi river basin of Sichuan province is implemented by using these characteristics of microwave technologies and signals sampled are processed in the paper. Partial chemical index and biological indicators of the river water are detected with sensors. Heavy metals and macromolecular compounds in the river are detected and monitored with microwave detection methods. According to the research on sensitive frequencies absorbed by several heavy metals in the river, the relationship between electromagnetic wave absorption and concentration of pollutants is researched experimentally based on sensitive frequencies of pollutants being measured, and the absorption-concentration curve is sketched. That is to test pollutants with different concentrations and get content of each pollutant substance in the water according to processions of measurement results with a series of signal processing methods.Electromagnetic wave travel principles and microwave technologies are applied in the environmental monitoring in the paper. Working principles of the microwave real-time monitoring system are introduced in detail. The study is focus on the structure of the microwave real-time monitoring system with frequency 200-3000 MHz for surface water pollution, and specific design and implementation for every part integral components. In order to get the pollution levels of pollutants and provides visual effective data for next water pollution control, a small river testing expert system is developed. The system is a system with smart software programs, which can be connected directly with Internet, and is suitable for real-time monitoring on various kinds of parameters in rivers or lakes in the river such as ORP, salinity, TDS, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, temperature, pH, nitrate and so on. The system can monitor and control waters perennially and reduce the water pollutions. Pollution mutations of a river basin can be monitored in the short term, and changing trend of water quality can be obtained according to the analysis of monitoring data in the long-term, which is good for the long term planning of environmental protection works.