Characters Observation And Juice-making Ability Evaluation Of Apple Variety 'Huacui'

Apple is one of the most wide-spreading fruits in temperate zone, the planting areas and yields are 8.75% and 12.00% of the world fruits respectively. China is the biggest apple production country, and apple is one of the comparative advantage agriculture products, it became a key industry for increasing the peasants income, contributing to agriculture benefit and improving the county economy.In this thesis, a series of investigation, identification and evaluation were done for clarifying the main characters of Huacui (fruit characters, stress resistance, diseases resistance, storage resistance and suitability for juice making), it could be useful for it's further study on cultivation techniques, demonstration and spreading, registration.Based on the 'Fruit germplasm descriptors','Descriptors and Data Standard for Apple(Malus spp.Mill.)'and'Crop germplasm identification specifications Apple', the botanical, biological, phonological and fruit characters were investigated and clarified.Fruit resistance test to apple ring rot was done by spores injection, the result indicates that the infection ration is 33.3% with 9.2 severity index, fruit-rot ratio is 23.3%, both index are obviously lower than that on Golden delicious, so the fruit resistance to apple ring rot is higher than Gloden delicious. Trunk resistance to apple ring rot is also observed in the field under the natural infection condition, and it also showed higher resistance than Golden delicious.Resistance to apple leaf spot was also done by spores infection on leaves in lab, the infection ration is 24.88% with 5.42 severity index, Huacui showed resistant disease, it's resistance to the disease is higher than Golden delicious.With simulated low temperature condition on Huacui branches, cold resistance test indicates that it's cold resistance is a little worse than Golden delicious, but better than New Gala, the dead temperature for it is -30℃～-35℃.In cold storage condition, tested it's soluble solid content, titratable acid, fruit hardness and taste, Huacui fruit could be stored for more than 4 months.Compared with Jonathan and Ralls Jenet, fruit processing index and the storage stability of fresh and concentrated juice were tested. Both fresh and concentrated juice showed excellent original index, suitable for juice making. For 3 varieties, Huacui fresh juice showed best storage stability, but the concentrated juice is worse than other two varieties.Based on the detail investigation and identification, we got the comprehensive evaluation to Huacui. The fruit is oval or conical, average weight 200g; fruit skin grounding is yellow-green with bright red or dark red streaks; fresh is yellow-white, juicy, suitable sour sweet with aroma taste; soluble solid content 12.8%, soluble sugar content 10.2%, fruit hardness 8.1kg/cm2, titratable acid 0.7%, mid-high fruit quality; High Vc content,14.76mg per 100g. In liaoning xingcheng areas, germinate in early/mid April, flowering in early May, fruit growing time is about 160 days, and the nutritional growth is totally 210 days, fruit is resistant to storage. Fruit and branch are both resistant to apple ring rot, low sensitivity to apple leaf spot, high cold resistant; suitable for juice making.