Study Of The Optical Properties Of Noble Nanomaterials Via Hydrothermal Synthesis

Nanotechnology is a brand-new scientific technology that appeared in the early 1990s. It will have significant influence on the livelihood and development of human beings. Due to its unique properties in mechanics, electronics, optics, thermal, magnetics and its chemical activity, catalytic properties and super conductivity, it has been widely used in national defense, energy, electronics, petrochemical, metallurgy, medicine and aviation and other fields. Therefore, nanotechnology has attracted enormous attention in the world as soon as it appears.As noble-metal material has special physical and chemical properties, it has become an important part of nanomaterial. Exploreing and excavateing the characteristic of noble-metal nanomaterials, studying its preparation method and developing its application domain have been an important aspect in the study of nanomaterial, and the study has aroused great interest of scientists all over the world. By combining the special propetirs of nanomaterials with the excellent properties of precious metals, the excellent chemical activity, catalytic activity and selectivity, excellent electrical, magnetic and optical properties of precious metals can be made good use of adequately. Then it will play a great role in sustainable development of human society in the 21st century. It is an important area to be explored by scientists continuously and an important aspect for sustainable development as well.The main work of this paper is concisely introduced as follows:1. Au/C core/shell nanocomposites were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. A variety of hydrothermal conditions, such as reaction temperature, reaction time and surfactant on the formation of the product had been investigated. The reaction mechanism had been discussed. Finally we found the optimal condition for the hydrothermal synthesis of the Au/C core-shell nanocomposites. In this lab, by controlling the hydrothermal conditions, uniform core/shell nanocomposites about 150nm can be obtained.2. By adding surfactant and controlling the reaction temperature and reaction time, the Ag/C coaxial nanocables were synthesized via a hydrothermal method by using glucose and AgNO₃ as the reactant. Based on the experiment, the mechanism concerning the formation of nanocables had been discussed. The UV-visible absorption and photoluminescence properties of Ag/C nanocable were studied through UV-vis and PL.3. The Pt doped ZnO nanoflowers were synthesized via a hydrothermal method using zinc acetate and sodium hydroxide as the reactant and adding an appropriate amount of chloroplatinic acid. Composition and morphology of the samples were characterized by means of XRD, SEM and TEM. The results indicated that the products were dumbbell-like Pt doped ZnO nanoflowers. Compared with other methods, hydrothermal method was an effective way for the synthesis of dumbbell-like nanoflowers. The reaction mechanism was speculated, and the optical properties of dumbbell-like Pt doped ZnO nanoflowers were studied as well.The innovation of this paper is the use of safe and green raw materials. Uniform feature can be synthszised by a simple hydrothermal method. Compared with the similar methods, the reaction conditions can be easily controlled and the feature is more unified.