| Water is one of essential resource of human life. According to the development of economy and the increase of population, water shortage and pollution had become global issues. Especially water pollution has become more and more seriously, which risk health and life of human. The problem of the pollution of water resources was so increasingly serious that become a constraint factor of sustainable development, which attributing to quick economic development and lack of water resource. Since the 21st century, water pollution incidents occurred frequently in China. According to the survey, there were 3988 water pollution incidents happened from 2001 to 2004, nearly 1000 incidents per year. People recognized that it's time to prevent the water pollution. China has enacted a number of Water Pollution Control Act to protect the water resource, but which can't meet the present need of water pollution. Legislating was the principal thing to resolve the problem of water pollution. Therefore, Chinese government reviewed and approved the last updated Water Pollution Control Act in the new one intensified the responsibility of local government to control water pollution, defined the excessive discharge of waste that is the principle of law, strengthened the system of key water pollutant emission control and implementation of the permit system. Furth more, the new one improved the water environment monitoring network and the establishment of a unified environmental information system for releasing water. The act has made significant improvements in drinking water source protection area management system, prevention and treatment of urban sewage, agriculture and rural water pollution control, emergency water pollution accidents and increase penalties for illegal sewage.This paper take Shaanxi section of Weihe River as an example, aiming to detect the trend of water quality change through the water quality monitoring, analysis and evaluation. First of all, this study based on the implementation of the act, try to understand the water pollution control mechanism of Weihe River and find out the relationships between implementing measures and the improve data of actual pollution level. In addition, summarizing the problems and challenges when implementing the new act. Furth more, some reasonable suggests and recommendations about how to decrease the shortcoming in the actual enforcement supervision process of Water Pollution Control Act were made.The main results were as follows: Firstly, Shaanxi section of Weihe River perennial has been lacking of ecological water, the water pollution was Serious, 9 in 13 sections water quality was inferior toâ…¤grade. The most seriously polluted year is 2003. There was a declining trend among the permanganate, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and ammonia nitrogen after 2006; there was also a downward trend in comprehensive pollution index. Secondly, Water Pollution Control in Weihe River has achieved some results in many aspects, such as water quality improvement, swaging treatment rate, limiting construction and pollution discharge, management of point source pollution in rural areas and taking care of drinking water sources. But the improvement of water quality was not significant, the water quality level has no obvious change in the last sections in Shaanxi. The results show that it was a very short period to implement the Water Pollution Control Act, and at the same time many necessary policies and regulations were establishing gradually, the role of controlling water pollution isn't significant, so we still need more time to verify the effect.On the basis of the problems we have found in the implementation of the Water Pollution Control Act, some suggestions should be made to improve the effect. We should increase the legislation content of water pollution prevention in countryside, strengthens the perform ability in law enforcement, further to enhances the illegal cost, establishment public welfare lawsuit system. |
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