The Synthesis Of Cationic Macromolecule Emulsifier And Its Application In Emulsion

Due to amphiphilic of cationic macromolecule emulsifier property anchored in the pellets, it overcomes many shortcomings of the small-molecule emulsifier, such as migrating easily, damaging film performance and polluting environment. It has good prospects for development. In this paper, we studied the preparation technology of cationic polymeric emulsifier and applied it in the preparation of emulsion, finally, we got stable styrene-acrylic, acrylic and elastic emulsion.Firstly, cationic macromolecule emulsifier was synthesized by styrene (St), butyl acrylate (BA) as major monomer, dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate (DM) as functional monomer, epichlorohydrin (ECH) as quaternizing agent, studied the effect of copolymerization temperature and time, quaternization temperature and time as well as the molar ratio of quaternary ammonium reagent and DM. The optimum conditions of synthesis molecular weight is 15989 was as follows: AIBN was initiator, copolymerization temperature was 75℃and time was 4h, quaternization temperature was 55℃and time was 1h, the molar ratio of ECH and DM was 1.5:1. The prepared emulsifier was equipped with the capacity of lowering surface tension of solution.Then we applied the obtained cationic macromolecule emulsifier in the preparation of cationic macromolecule emulsion, studied the effect of polymerization technique, the system of cationic macromolecule emulsifier (the amount of DM, emulsifier and AIBN, the mass ratio of St and BA), pre-emulsion addition time, the type and amount of initiator, copolymerization temperature and time, post-treatment agent tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) and rongalit (SFS), the results showed that using pre-emulsified monomer dropping and seed emulsion polymerization technique, the amount of DM in emulsifier was 4.5%. the mass ratio of St and BA is 6/4, the amount of initiator AIBN was 1.3%, the pre-emulsion addition time was 45min, AIBA was initiator and its amount was 0.05%, copolymerization temperature was 75℃and time was 2h,0.02% post-treatment agent could get pan-blue light and stable emulsion with high monomer conversion and no pungent odor. This emulsion could be used directly.Finally, we applied cationic macromolecule emulsifier in the preparation of styrene-acrylic, acrylic and elastic emulsion, we found that to synthesize different kind of stable, random emulsion with different Tg need different amount of emulsifier. To synthesize styrene-acrylic emulsion, when Tg was 15℃, the optimum amount of emulsifier was 19%, when Tg was 20℃, 25℃,30℃,35℃, the optimum amount of emulsifier was 18%. To synthesize acrylic emulsion, when Tg was 15℃,20℃,25℃,30℃,35℃, the optimum amount of emulsifier was 17%,16%, 15%,18%,19%. To synthesize elastic emulsion, when Tg was-30℃, the optimum amount of emulsifier was 18%, when Tg was-25℃,-20℃,-15℃,-10℃, the optimum amount of emulsifier was 17%. The emulsion was characterized by the fine appearance, medium viscosity and good stability.