Studying On Hydrochemistry And Radioactivity Of Thermal Ground Waters In Sudety Area

Sudety area is a famous natural spring therapeutic place in Poland. It hasabundant low-temperature geothermal resources and gains extensive applications. Itsproduction history spans more than40years and shows better social, economical andenvironmental benefits. There are crystalline rocks-gneisses and granites in Sudetyarea. The thermal ground waters have low TDS but contain a lot of radioactive gas inthis area.The geochemical characteristics of thermal ground waters are results ofgeological function during the long period of geothermal formation. This kind offunction will have better application to geochemical characters of thermal groundwaters. In this work, the studies are focused on the analysis of water type, qualitygrade, and tendency of scaling and corrosion in thermal ground waters and thethermal reservoir temperature in Sudety area by hydrochemistry.The type of thermal ground waters in Sudety Area is analyzed by Piper diagramand ternary diagrams of Cl-SO4-HCO3and Na-K-Mg. The type of thermal groundwaters in Ladek spa aera is HCO3-CO3-Na+F+H2SiO3,while in Cieplice spa areaHCO3-SO4-Na+F+H2SiO3. According to physiotherapy thermal mineralwater quality standards, the Sudety waters are considered to have physical therapyvalue because several material compositions in these waters are over the indicators ofmineral waters and medical valuable waters. The trend of scaling and corrosion ofthermal ground waters were also predicted by index judgment method. The scalingcondition of thermal ground waters in Sudety Area is not at all or slight, with a slightcorrosion tendency. According to multi-mineral balance method, the main products ofscaling in the thermal groud waters in Sudety area are calcite and fluorite. Thetemperature of the thermal reservoirs is around80-110℃estimated by Quartz silicatemperature scale.It has also evaluated226Ra and228Ra activity concentrations in thermal groundwaters from Sudety Area. According to WHO guidance level and reference doselevel,it gets concluded,radium isotopes activity concentrations in Poland are below the limit. The thermal ground waters in Sudety Area are no deleterious radiologicalhealth effects. Compared with Guarani aquifer in Brazil, the characteristics of radiumisotopes activity concentrations in thermal ground waters were concluded. The radiumisotopes activity concentrations in thermal ground waters are related to TDS. Thehigher TDS is, the more radium activity concentration is. It is also related torock composition and structure of reservoir rock. Compared with crystalline rock,sedimentary rock has higher thermal conductivity and lower hardness. The radiumisotopes activity concentrations in thermal ground waters in sedimentary rock will behigher than crystalline rock, because it more easily reacts with thermal waters. Theradium concentration is also related with the surrounding mineral environment.Finally, it has also given several recommendations on the direct use of thermalground waters in Sudety Area, such as space heating, bathing, medical care,cultivation by greenhouse, aquaculture, production of mineral water and industrialproduction, etc.