Study On Air And Soil Temperature Changes In The Changbai Mountains

Climate change is recognized one of the most important environmental problems, and one of the important factors which impact global human existence and sustained economic development. The measurement of the global average atmospheric temperature, marine average temperature and global sea level has confirmed that global climate general trend is warming in nearly 100 years. IPCC's fourth assessment report: the global average temperature increased 0.76±0.19℃in the 20th century. In this context, the climate appeared warming in the Changbai Mountains. Global climate change affects the climate change of Changbai Mountains, at the same time, the research of its climate change has effect on the research of global climate change.This paper made use of the dates of annual average air temperatures and soil temperatures of the 12 stations in the Changbai Mountains from 1961 to 2007. The space distribution, the time variation trend and elevation dependence of the air temperatures and soil temperatures were researched in nearly 50 years by using DPS, ArcGis software and the related theories. The results of the study indicated that:(1) The air and soil temperatures went hand in hand with altitude and latitude. The air and soil temperatures of high altitude were low, such as: Changbai and Donggang stations. Similarly, the annual mean air and soil surface temperature range of high latitude was greater than the annual mean air and soil surface temperature range of low latitude. At the same time, the annual mean soil surface temperature range was greater than the annual mean air temperature range. the annual mean soil surface temperature range was the annual mean air temperature range one times.(2) In the background of global warming, the air and soil temperatures of the Changbai Mountains increased on the whole. The response of annual mean soil surface temperature which increased fastest was the most sensitive. At the same time, both the annual mean air temperature range and the annual mean soil surface temperature range declined. The abrupt change time of 12 stations'air and soil temperature in the Changbai Mountains were mostly in the 1980s and the 1990s.(3) The climatic change trend and the abrupt change time of annual mean air and soil surface temperature and temperature difference of annual mean air and soil temperature in the Changbai Mountains were closely related with altitude. The middle and low altitude areas' air temperature changed dramatically, and the high altitude area air temperature didn't change significantly. The annual mean soil surface temperature of high altitude changed significantly, and the middle and low altitude areas' soil surface temperature didn't change significantly. The high,middle and low altitude areas' climatic change of soil temperature in different depth in the growing season were basically the same. The abrupt change time of low altitude was earlier than the abrupt change time of high and middle altitude. The rate of different depth's soil temperature was less than the rate of air and soil surface temperature in different altitudes. The high,middle and low altitude areas' abrupt change time of the soil temperature in different depth in the growing season were basically the same.