Effects Of Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Exposure On Life History Traits Of Spawning And Offspring Of Mandarin Vole

Maternal effects refers to the direct effects of phenotype of parents influences phenotype of their offspring, the early growth of organisms were influenced by many factors, besides by genetic factors, one of the important factors is the maternal effect, and it is important on both ecological and evolutionary. Hypoxia could stimulate the body to produce a series of physiological, even pathological effects, particularly on the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system; however, low oxygen environment is in many cases in both the production and our lives, as a special emergency environment factor, then, how to adapt to short or long-term hypoxia turned to an important subject of human research. Subterranean rodents living in the hypoxia underground tunnel perennial, adapted to hypoxia well, Mandarin vole is a kind of subterranean rodents, its adaptive evolution of life underground has not fully formed, and it can live a normal life and breed under normal oxygen, it is a good material to study maternal effect of organism under hypoxia adaptation.In order to study the modalities and mechanisms of Mandarin vole to adapt to the hypoxia environment, and discuss the ecology and evolutionary biology significance of the maternal effect caused by hypoxia, the experiment studied 1) effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia exposure on life history traits of Mandarin vole, discussed and analyzed the way of hypoxia response from the development of indicators, organ weight and hemogram; 2) monitor the offspring mortality,90-day sex ratio and individual development after exposure to chronic intermittent hypoxia during pregnancy and lactation respectively, compared with non-hypoxia group, raised the maternal effect caused by hypoxia of mandarin vole; 3) By monitoring the hemogram, organ weight and behavior after exposure to chronic intermittent hypoxia during pregnancy and lactation of both spawning and offspring, explained maternal effect caused by hypoxia, and described the theoretical significance from the evolutionary, ecological and other point of view.The mean results were showed as follows:1. Mandarin vole adapts well to hypoxia, after continuous 35 d chronic intermittent hypoxia, a number of indicators showed a not significant difference between the groups (P>0.05), Mandarin vole ensure the body's demand for oxygenby raising the hemoglobin level (P<0.05)2. The impaction were different between pregnancy and lactation hypoxia of the offspring of Mandarin vole, Mandarin vole adapts pregnancy hypoxia better, hypoxia regulated the sex ratio of offspring. Fetus was more sensitive to hypoxia than embryo, much of the pressure were commitment by the mother during pregnancy hypoxia, but hypoxia less irritated the offspring during lactation hypoxia.3. The impaction were different between pregnancy and lactation hypoxia of the hemogram, organ weight and behavior of the spawning of Mandarin vole. During pregnancy and lactation, due to greater investment in reproduction, Mandarin vole mainly regulates platelet concentration (P<0.05) to control blood viscosity in response to hypoxia, its behavior was in line with the monogamous mating system.4. The impaction were different between pregnancy and lactation hypoxia of the hemogram, organ weight and behavior of the offspring of Mandarin vole, maternal effect has played a positive role in the evolution of hypoxia adaptation of Mandarin vole.