| The thoughts of Karl Popper possess of the characteristic of holism, which are ignorance by some scholars. In order to understanding this characteristic, we should to search for what is the central nation of his thoughts. The notion is just the thoughts of induction. Hence, it is very important to explicate which role the induction plays in Popper's thoughts, in particularly of his philosophy of science.In charter one; we argued that it is the failure of trying to solving the problem of induction from Hume to Logical positivism that is the outer background of Popper's the thoughts of induction. Meanwhile, the development of thoughts of Popper, particularly influenced by Einstein's theory of relative, leads Popper to reject induction. The education that Popper received from Vienna indicates that we can't understand Popper's thoughts if we leave out Popper's thoughts of inductions. This is the inner background of Popper's thoughts of induction. In chapter two, by introduction Popper's other thoughts, such as deductionism, the problem of demarcation and critical-rationalism, we indicate that his thoughts of induction play important role in these notions. We argued that the problem of demarcation is tied up with his thoughts about induction, i.e., the rejection of induction is the premise the problem of demarcation, that is, Popper's theory of demarcation is basis on his critical Positive Logicism, meanwhile, the solving of the problem of induction deepen the significance of demarcation, that his thoughts about induction is also the basic of the thoughts of deductionism in that the scientific theories are not beginning from induction, the basis of science is not induce inference, but is the deductionism possessing the characteristic of guess-refutation. The procedure of deductionism Popper can be divided into four steps, while rejecting induction plays important role in these steps. Popper's the project to solve the Hume's problem of induction is proceeded by remove this problem, and the solving step is these:firstly, remove Hume's epistemological basis and substitute non-essentialism, secondly, by divide Hume's problem of induction into logical problem and psychological problem, then divided logical problem into three problem and psychological problem into three problem, and then through the principle of transform which is link the logical problem and psychological problem to solve all these problems. In last chapter, we estimate Popper's thoughts of induction by associate the problem of fact, the problem of verification and the problem of falsification. |
