Study On The Application Of GIS, Gps And Rs Techniques In The Spatial Location Verification Of Mining Areas

In the early geological exploration of mineral resources in our country, control points of national geodetic-net haven't been set in remote areas thus state coordinate system couldn't be established in most areas, instead, independent coordinate systems were used. These different local coordinate systems need to be converted to standard state coordinate system for the purpose of conveniently manage and easily use. Big errors appeared in this process so that specific position in space of diggings couldn't be reflected correctly. This brought great difficulties to mineral management, and caused problems that reserves, class membership and mineral rights were not clear. New mineral rights can't set in the surveyed mining areas and mineral resources be possessed privately for free, all of these bring great losses to our country.This paper focuses on such issues, puts forward technical solutions to solve the problem of certificating spatial location of mining areas. Use GIS, remote sensing and GPS technology to build spatial fundamental information database. Match the contour line of mining areas and regular topographic map of Sichuan province to certificate spatial location of mining areas preliminary. Convert all the coordinate systems of mining areas to Beijing 1954 coordinate system, then, overlay vector data of mining areas on the orthophotomap and reposition mining areas which are wrong for the purpose of positioning mining areas accuratly thus build the data base of mining areas distribution. The main research works are as follows:(1) Data Processing: collecting and sorting geological, survey, exploration and product source materials of Sichuan province which have been accumulated for many years. Processing and editing data concerned with reserves position verification, such as topographic and physiognomic maps, figure of geology and mineral resources, Mining right and exploration right distribution, documentation and remote sensing image. All of these are preparing for the database building of mineral reserves spatial information;(2) Building spatial fundamental Information database: taking the data-centered design as pattern, in accordance with uniform standards, unified planning and step-by-step implementation to build mineral spatial fundamental Information database, which not only complete the informationize and unified management of mineral data, but also apply a fundamental data platform and reliable basis for verification of mining areas;(3) Preliminary recognition of mining position: analyzing image matching technology and choose a matching method for this paper to match the contour line of mining areas and regular topographic map of Sichuan province. Choosing the most matching target area from candidate target areas according to the priority artificially, then visually certificate on the regular topographic map;(4) Accurate positioning of mining position: extracting characteristic information, including mining area, contour line, rivers and roads, analyzing the geological report of study area and puts forward coordinate transformation methods between local coordinate systems and state coordinate system to transform coordinate systems of mining areas and maintain their unity, faulting and folding from mining area maps and putting it on orthophoto map which has been processed, then finding the correct location finally through precision analysis and correction.