Helix Traveling Wave Tube Pic Simulation Of A Single Cycle

Helix traveling wave tubes (TWT) are high power, broadband, high gain, high efficiency microwave/millimeter-wave amplifiers. Currently, research and development on them are most active in the field of vacuum electron devices, which are widely used in modern military electronic equipments, such as radars, communications, electronic warfare, etc. Its main mechanism is that the energy of the electron beam is transferred to the high-frequency electromagnetic waves in order to achieve power amplification through the interaction of beam and wave. Therefore, it is necessary to research and analysis further the physical processes of the interaction of electron beam and electromagnetic waves in traveling wave tubes.With the help of tracking the movement of electrons in a single cycle by PIC method and calculating the propagation of the electromagnetic wave by the use of the moving window FDTD (MWFDTD), this paper simulates and analyzes the interaction process of electron beam and electromagnetic wave in the helix traveling wave tube. The major achievements are listed as the following:(1) To establish the two-dimensional physical model of the helix traveling wave tube with the help of using helix conductive surface to replace helix and using uniform media ring to replace media clamping bars. And, to give the boundary conditions of helix conductive surface in the need of PIC.(2) To determine the simulation spatial of a guided wave length, and to divide the Yee's two-dimensional grids in the space. To determine the location of each field components in the grid nodes and space according to PIC numerical simulation method and the moving window FDTD (MWFDTD). And, to give the boundary conditions.(3) To determine the initial value of the electric field, magnetic field and electron beam. To simulate the interaction process of electron beam and electromagnetic waves in a single cycle in the helix traveling wave tube. And, to track the change of energy of the electron beam and electromagnetic waves and the change of speed and relative position of the electronic macro particles in the phase space in the helix traveling wave tube.