Sensor Network Design Mathematical Model And Its Application

This paper is divided into three parts. The first part briefly reviews some basic related knowledge, while the second and the third parts establish two distinct mathematical model of locating sensors on network and give their applications respectively.In chapter 1, firstly, the concept of sensor network is introduced, and a succinct description of contemporary development is given. In practice, sensor networks can be used to monitor the traffic networks, to measure flow volumes of all roads and even to obtain the information of a single motor. This is rather important for traffic monitors to manage and control the traffic. There are two most ordinary sensors:one is counting sensor which is simple in structure, cheap for setup and exact in statistic of the flows as the main characteristic; the other one is path identifying sensor (Path-ID), which is more complicated than the forgoing one in structure. Besides statistics of the flow volumes, the latter can obtain the concrete information of a single motor and give classifying statistics of all motors. However, whatever sensor is put into practice, the expense is very high if all the vertexes or arcs are quipped one sensor in the traffic network. Therefore, it is quiet necessary to design an optimal setup strategy such that the flow volumes can be completed measured on any arc of the whole network while the number of sensors needed is the least.In chapter 2, the sensor locating problem that locates counting sensors on vertexes which monitor arc flow volumes of the whole network are studied. In general, this is a NPC problem in network. In this paper, a mathematical model of locating counting sensors on path pv1,vn is established and a polynomial algorithm is given. The model and the algorithm can be applied to Qingdao's traffic network.In chapter 3, the problem of locating Path-ID sensors on arcs which monitor path flow volumes of the whole network are discussed. Generally, this is also a NPC problem. In this paper, the case that there are exactly two paths on each arc is considered. In this case, a mathematical model is set up and a polynomial algorithm is also obtained. Finally, the application of the model and the algorithm is discussed.